Program Listing for File so3.hpp

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#pragma once

#include "rotation_matrix.hpp"
#include "so2.hpp"
#include "types.hpp"

// Include only the selective set of Eigen headers that we need.
// This helps when using Sophus with unusual compilers, like nvcc.
#include <Eigen/src/Geometry/OrthoMethods.h>
#include <Eigen/src/Geometry/Quaternion.h>
#include <Eigen/src/Geometry/RotationBase.h>

namespace Sophus {
template <class Scalar_, int Options = 0>
class SO3;
using SO3d = SO3<double>;
using SO3f = SO3<float>;
}  // namespace Sophus

namespace Eigen {
namespace internal {

template <class Scalar_, int Options_>
struct traits<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_, Options_>> {
  static constexpr int Options = Options_;
  using Scalar = Scalar_;
  using QuaternionType = Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar, Options>;
};

template <class Scalar_, int Options_>
struct traits<Map<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_>, Options_>>
    : traits<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_, Options_>> {
  static constexpr int Options = Options_;
  using Scalar = Scalar_;
  using QuaternionType = Map<Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar>, Options>;
};

template <class Scalar_, int Options_>
struct traits<Map<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_> const, Options_>>
    : traits<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_, Options_> const> {
  static constexpr int Options = Options_;
  using Scalar = Scalar_;
  using QuaternionType = Map<Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar> const, Options>;
};
}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace Eigen

namespace Sophus {

template <class Derived>
class SO3Base {
 public:
  static constexpr int Options = Eigen::internal::traits<Derived>::Options;
  using Scalar = typename Eigen::internal::traits<Derived>::Scalar;
  using QuaternionType =
      typename Eigen::internal::traits<Derived>::QuaternionType;
  using QuaternionTemporaryType = Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar, Options>;

  static int constexpr DoF = 3;
  static int constexpr num_parameters = 4;
  static int constexpr N = 3;
  static int constexpr Dim = 3;

  using Transformation = Matrix<Scalar, N, N>;
  using Point = Vector3<Scalar>;
  using HomogeneousPoint = Vector4<Scalar>;
  using Line = ParametrizedLine3<Scalar>;
  using Hyperplane = Hyperplane3<Scalar>;
  using Tangent = Vector<Scalar, DoF>;
  using Adjoint = Matrix<Scalar, DoF, DoF>;

  struct TangentAndTheta {
    EIGEN_MAKE_ALIGNED_OPERATOR_NEW

    Tangent tangent;
    Scalar theta;
  };

  template <typename OtherDerived>
  using ReturnScalar = typename Eigen::ScalarBinaryOpTraits<
      Scalar, typename OtherDerived::Scalar>::ReturnType;

  template <typename OtherDerived>
  using SO3Product = SO3<ReturnScalar<OtherDerived>>;

  template <typename PointDerived>
  using PointProduct = Vector3<ReturnScalar<PointDerived>>;

  template <typename HPointDerived>
  using HomogeneousPointProduct = Vector4<ReturnScalar<HPointDerived>>;

  //
  //
  SOPHUS_FUNC Adjoint Adj() const { return matrix(); }

  template <class S = Scalar>
  SOPHUS_FUNC enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<S>::value, S> angleX() const {
    Sophus::Matrix3<Scalar> R = matrix();
    Sophus::Matrix2<Scalar> Rx = R.template block<2, 2>(1, 1);
    return SO2<Scalar>(makeRotationMatrix(Rx)).log();
  }

  template <class S = Scalar>
  SOPHUS_FUNC enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<S>::value, S> angleY() const {
    Sophus::Matrix3<Scalar> R = matrix();
    Sophus::Matrix2<Scalar> Ry;
    // clang-format off
    Ry <<
      R(0, 0), R(2, 0),
      R(0, 2), R(2, 2);
    // clang-format on
    return SO2<Scalar>(makeRotationMatrix(Ry)).log();
  }

  template <class S = Scalar>
  SOPHUS_FUNC enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<S>::value, S> angleZ() const {
    Sophus::Matrix3<Scalar> R = matrix();
    Sophus::Matrix2<Scalar> Rz = R.template block<2, 2>(0, 0);
    return SO2<Scalar>(makeRotationMatrix(Rz)).log();
  }

  template <class NewScalarType>
  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3<NewScalarType> cast() const {
    return SO3<NewScalarType>(unit_quaternion().template cast<NewScalarType>());
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC Scalar* data() {
    return unit_quaternion_nonconst().coeffs().data();
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC Scalar const* data() const {
    return unit_quaternion().coeffs().data();
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC Matrix<Scalar, num_parameters, DoF> Dx_this_mul_exp_x_at_0()
      const {
    Matrix<Scalar, num_parameters, DoF> J;
    Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar> const q = unit_quaternion();
    Scalar const c0 = Scalar(0.5) * q.w();
    Scalar const c1 = Scalar(0.5) * q.z();
    Scalar const c2 = -c1;
    Scalar const c3 = Scalar(0.5) * q.y();
    Scalar const c4 = Scalar(0.5) * q.x();
    Scalar const c5 = -c4;
    Scalar const c6 = -c3;
    J(0, 0) = c0;
    J(0, 1) = c2;
    J(0, 2) = c3;
    J(1, 0) = c1;
    J(1, 1) = c0;
    J(1, 2) = c5;
    J(2, 0) = c6;
    J(2, 1) = c4;
    J(2, 2) = c0;
    J(3, 0) = c5;
    J(3, 1) = c6;
    J(3, 2) = c2;

    return J;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC Matrix<Scalar, DoF, num_parameters> Dx_log_this_inv_by_x_at_this()
      const {
    auto& q = unit_quaternion();
    Matrix<Scalar, DoF, num_parameters> J;
    // clang-format off
    J << q.w(),  q.z(), -q.y(), -q.x(),
        -q.z(),  q.w(),  q.x(), -q.y(),
         q.y(), -q.x(),  q.w(), -q.z();
    // clang-format on
    return J * Scalar(2.);
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC Sophus::Vector<Scalar, num_parameters> params() const {
    return unit_quaternion().coeffs();
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3<Scalar> inverse() const {
    return SO3<Scalar>(unit_quaternion().conjugate());
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC Tangent log() const { return logAndTheta().tangent; }

  SOPHUS_FUNC TangentAndTheta logAndTheta() const {
    TangentAndTheta J;
    using std::abs;
    using std::atan2;
    using std::sqrt;
    Scalar squared_n = unit_quaternion().vec().squaredNorm();
    Scalar w = unit_quaternion().w();

    Scalar two_atan_nbyw_by_n;


    if (squared_n <
        Constants<Scalar>::epsilon() * Constants<Scalar>::epsilon()) {
      // If quaternion is normalized and n=0, then w should be 1;
      // w=0 should never happen here!
      SOPHUS_ENSURE(abs(w) >= Constants<Scalar>::epsilon(),
                    "Quaternion ({}) should be normalized!",
                    SOPHUS_FMT_ARG(unit_quaternion().coeffs().transpose()));
      Scalar squared_w = w * w;
      two_atan_nbyw_by_n =
          Scalar(2) / w - Scalar(2.0 / 3.0) * (squared_n) / (w * squared_w);
      J.theta = Scalar(2) * squared_n / w;
    } else {
      Scalar n = sqrt(squared_n);

      // w < 0 ==> cos(theta/2) < 0 ==> theta > pi
      //
      // By convention, the condition |theta| < pi is imposed by wrapping theta
      // to pi; The wrap operation can be folded inside evaluation of atan2
      //
      // theta - pi = atan(sin(theta - pi), cos(theta - pi))
      //            = atan(-sin(theta), -cos(theta))
      //
      Scalar atan_nbyw =
          (w < Scalar(0)) ? Scalar(atan2(-n, -w)) : Scalar(atan2(n, w));
      two_atan_nbyw_by_n = Scalar(2) * atan_nbyw / n;
      J.theta = two_atan_nbyw_by_n * n;
    }

    J.tangent = two_atan_nbyw_by_n * unit_quaternion().vec();
    return J;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC void normalize() {
    Scalar length = unit_quaternion_nonconst().norm();
    SOPHUS_ENSURE(
        length >= Constants<Scalar>::epsilon(),
        "Quaternion ({}) should not be close to zero!",
        SOPHUS_FMT_ARG(unit_quaternion_nonconst().coeffs().transpose()));
    unit_quaternion_nonconst().coeffs() /= length;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC Transformation matrix() const {
    return unit_quaternion().toRotationMatrix();
  }

  template <class OtherDerived>
  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3Base<Derived>& operator=(SO3Base<OtherDerived> const& other) {
    unit_quaternion_nonconst() = other.unit_quaternion();
    return *this;
  }

  template <typename QuaternionProductType, typename QuaternionTypeA,
            typename QuaternionTypeB>
  SOPHUS_FUNC static QuaternionProductType QuaternionProduct(
      const QuaternionTypeA& a, const QuaternionTypeB& b) {
    return QuaternionProductType(
        a.w() * b.w() - a.x() * b.x() - a.y() * b.y() - a.z() * b.z(),
        a.w() * b.x() + a.x() * b.w() + a.y() * b.z() - a.z() * b.y(),
        a.w() * b.y() + a.y() * b.w() + a.z() * b.x() - a.x() * b.z(),
        a.w() * b.z() + a.z() * b.w() + a.x() * b.y() - a.y() * b.x());
  }

  template <typename OtherDerived>
  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3Product<OtherDerived> operator*(
      SO3Base<OtherDerived> const& other) const {
    using QuaternionProductType =
        typename SO3Product<OtherDerived>::QuaternionType;
    const QuaternionType& a = unit_quaternion();
    const typename OtherDerived::QuaternionType& b = other.unit_quaternion();
    return SO3Product<OtherDerived>(
        QuaternionProduct<QuaternionProductType>(a, b));
  }

  template <typename PointDerived,
            typename = typename std::enable_if<
                IsFixedSizeVector<PointDerived, 3>::value>::type>
  SOPHUS_FUNC PointProduct<PointDerived> operator*(
      Eigen::MatrixBase<PointDerived> const& p) const {
    const QuaternionType& q = unit_quaternion();
    PointProduct<PointDerived> uv = q.vec().cross(p);
    uv += uv;
    return p + q.w() * uv + q.vec().cross(uv);
  }

  template <typename HPointDerived,
            typename = typename std::enable_if<
                IsFixedSizeVector<HPointDerived, 4>::value>::type>
  SOPHUS_FUNC HomogeneousPointProduct<HPointDerived> operator*(
      Eigen::MatrixBase<HPointDerived> const& p) const {
    const auto rp = *this * p.template head<3>();
    return HomogeneousPointProduct<HPointDerived>(rp(0), rp(1), rp(2), p(3));
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC Line operator*(Line const& l) const {
    return Line((*this) * l.origin(), (*this) * l.direction());
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC Hyperplane operator*(Hyperplane const& p) const {
    return Hyperplane((*this) * p.normal(), p.offset());
  }

  template <typename OtherDerived,
            typename = typename std::enable_if<
                std::is_same<Scalar, ReturnScalar<OtherDerived>>::value>::type>
  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3Base<Derived>& operator*=(SO3Base<OtherDerived> const& other) {
    *static_cast<Derived*>(this) = *this * other;
    return *this;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC void setQuaternion(Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar> const& quaternion) {
    unit_quaternion_nonconst() = quaternion;
    normalize();
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC QuaternionType const& unit_quaternion() const {
    return static_cast<Derived const*>(this)->unit_quaternion();
  }

 private:
  SOPHUS_FUNC QuaternionType& unit_quaternion_nonconst() {
    return static_cast<Derived*>(this)->unit_quaternion_nonconst();
  }
};

template <class Scalar_, int Options>
class SO3 : public SO3Base<SO3<Scalar_, Options>> {
 public:
  using Base = SO3Base<SO3<Scalar_, Options>>;
  static int constexpr DoF = Base::DoF;
  static int constexpr num_parameters = Base::num_parameters;

  using Scalar = Scalar_;
  using Transformation = typename Base::Transformation;
  using Point = typename Base::Point;
  using HomogeneousPoint = typename Base::HomogeneousPoint;
  using Tangent = typename Base::Tangent;
  using Adjoint = typename Base::Adjoint;
  using QuaternionMember = Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar, Options>;

  friend class SO3Base<SO3<Scalar, Options>>;

  using Base::operator=;

  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3& operator=(SO3 const& other) = default;

  EIGEN_MAKE_ALIGNED_OPERATOR_NEW

  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3()
      : unit_quaternion_(Scalar(1), Scalar(0), Scalar(0), Scalar(0)) {}

  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3(SO3 const& other) = default;

  template <class OtherDerived>
  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3(SO3Base<OtherDerived> const& other)
      : unit_quaternion_(other.unit_quaternion()) {}

  SOPHUS_FUNC SO3(Transformation const& R) : unit_quaternion_(R) {
    SOPHUS_ENSURE(isOrthogonal(R), "R is not orthogonal:\n {}",
                  SOPHUS_FMT_ARG(R * R.transpose()));
    SOPHUS_ENSURE(R.determinant() > Scalar(0), "det(R) is not positive: {}",
                  SOPHUS_FMT_ARG(R.determinant()));
  }

  template <class D>
  SOPHUS_FUNC explicit SO3(Eigen::QuaternionBase<D> const& quat)
      : unit_quaternion_(quat) {
    static_assert(
        std::is_same<typename Eigen::QuaternionBase<D>::Scalar, Scalar>::value,
        "Input must be of same scalar type");
    Base::normalize();
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC QuaternionMember const& unit_quaternion() const {
    return unit_quaternion_;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Sophus::Matrix<Scalar, DoF, DoF> leftJacobian(
      Tangent const& omega, optional<Scalar> const& theta_o = nullopt) {
    using std::cos;
    using std::sin;
    using std::sqrt;

    Scalar const theta_sq = theta_o ? *theta_o * *theta_o : omega.squaredNorm();
    Matrix3<Scalar> const Omega = SO3<Scalar>::hat(omega);
    Matrix3<Scalar> const Omega_sq = Omega * Omega;
    Matrix3<Scalar> V;

    if (theta_sq <
        Constants<Scalar>::epsilon() * Constants<Scalar>::epsilon()) {
      V = Matrix3<Scalar>::Identity() + Scalar(0.5) * Omega;
    } else {
      Scalar theta = theta_o ? *theta_o : sqrt(theta_sq);
      V = Matrix3<Scalar>::Identity() +
          (Scalar(1) - cos(theta)) / theta_sq * Omega +
          (theta - sin(theta)) / (theta_sq * theta) * Omega_sq;
    }
    return V;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Sophus::Matrix<Scalar, DoF, DoF> leftJacobianInverse(
      Tangent const& omega, optional<Scalar> const& theta_o = nullopt) {
    using std::cos;
    using std::sin;
    using std::sqrt;
    Scalar const theta_sq = theta_o ? *theta_o * *theta_o : omega.squaredNorm();
    Matrix3<Scalar> const Omega = SO3<Scalar>::hat(omega);

    Matrix3<Scalar> V_inv;
    if (theta_sq <
        Constants<Scalar>::epsilon() * Constants<Scalar>::epsilon()) {
      V_inv = Matrix3<Scalar>::Identity() - Scalar(0.5) * Omega +
              Scalar(1. / 12.) * (Omega * Omega);

    } else {
      Scalar const theta = theta_o ? *theta_o : sqrt(theta_sq);
      Scalar const half_theta = Scalar(0.5) * theta;

      V_inv = Matrix3<Scalar>::Identity() - Scalar(0.5) * Omega +
              (Scalar(1) -
               Scalar(0.5) * theta * cos(half_theta) / sin(half_theta)) /
                  (theta * theta) * (Omega * Omega);
    }
    return V_inv;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Sophus::Matrix<Scalar, num_parameters, DoF> Dx_exp_x(
      Tangent const& omega) {
    using std::cos;
    using std::exp;
    using std::sin;
    using std::sqrt;
    Scalar const c0 = omega[0] * omega[0];
    Scalar const c1 = omega[1] * omega[1];
    Scalar const c2 = omega[2] * omega[2];
    Scalar const c3 = c0 + c1 + c2;

    if (c3 < Constants<Scalar>::epsilon()) {
      return Dx_exp_x_at_0();
    }

    Scalar const c4 = sqrt(c3);
    Scalar const c5 = 1.0 / c4;
    Scalar const c6 = 0.5 * c4;
    Scalar const c7 = sin(c6);
    Scalar const c8 = c5 * c7;
    Scalar const c9 = pow(c3, -3.0L / 2.0L);
    Scalar const c10 = c7 * c9;
    Scalar const c11 = Scalar(1.0) / c3;
    Scalar const c12 = cos(c6);
    Scalar const c13 = Scalar(0.5) * c11 * c12;
    Scalar const c14 = c7 * c9 * omega[0];
    Scalar const c15 = Scalar(0.5) * c11 * c12 * omega[0];
    Scalar const c16 = -c14 * omega[1] + c15 * omega[1];
    Scalar const c17 = -c14 * omega[2] + c15 * omega[2];
    Scalar const c18 = omega[1] * omega[2];
    Scalar const c19 = -c10 * c18 + c13 * c18;
    Scalar const c20 = Scalar(0.5) * c5 * c7;
    Sophus::Matrix<Scalar, num_parameters, DoF> J;
    J(0, 0) = -c0 * c10 + c0 * c13 + c8;
    J(0, 1) = c16;
    J(0, 2) = c17;
    J(1, 0) = c16;
    J(1, 1) = -c1 * c10 + c1 * c13 + c8;
    J(1, 2) = c19;
    J(2, 0) = c17;
    J(2, 1) = c19;
    J(2, 2) = -c10 * c2 + c13 * c2 + c8;
    J(3, 0) = -c20 * omega[0];
    J(3, 1) = -c20 * omega[1];
    J(3, 2) = -c20 * omega[2];
    return J;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Sophus::Matrix<Scalar, num_parameters, DoF>
  Dx_exp_x_at_0() {
    Sophus::Matrix<Scalar, num_parameters, DoF> J;
    // clang-format off
    J <<  Scalar(0.5),   Scalar(0),   Scalar(0),
            Scalar(0), Scalar(0.5),   Scalar(0),
            Scalar(0),   Scalar(0), Scalar(0.5),
            Scalar(0),   Scalar(0),   Scalar(0);
    // clang-format on
    return J;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Sophus::Matrix<Scalar, 3, DoF> Dx_exp_x_times_point_at_0(
      Point const& point) {
    return hat(-point);
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Transformation Dxi_exp_x_matrix_at_0(int i) {
    return generator(i);
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static SO3<Scalar> exp(Tangent const& omega) {
    Scalar theta;
    return expAndTheta(omega, &theta);
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static SO3<Scalar> expAndTheta(Tangent const& omega,
                                             Scalar* theta) {
    SOPHUS_ENSURE(theta != nullptr, "%s", "must not be nullptr.");
    using std::abs;
    using std::cos;
    using std::sin;
    using std::sqrt;
    Scalar theta_sq = omega.squaredNorm();

    Scalar imag_factor;
    Scalar real_factor;
    if (theta_sq <
        Constants<Scalar>::epsilon() * Constants<Scalar>::epsilon()) {
      *theta = Scalar(0);
      Scalar theta_po4 = theta_sq * theta_sq;
      imag_factor = Scalar(0.5) - Scalar(1.0 / 48.0) * theta_sq +
                    Scalar(1.0 / 3840.0) * theta_po4;
      real_factor = Scalar(1) - Scalar(1.0 / 8.0) * theta_sq +
                    Scalar(1.0 / 384.0) * theta_po4;
    } else {
      *theta = sqrt(theta_sq);
      Scalar half_theta = Scalar(0.5) * (*theta);
      Scalar sin_half_theta = sin(half_theta);
      imag_factor = sin_half_theta / (*theta);
      real_factor = cos(half_theta);
    }

    SO3 q;
    q.unit_quaternion_nonconst() =
        QuaternionMember(real_factor, imag_factor * omega.x(),
                         imag_factor * omega.y(), imag_factor * omega.z());
    SOPHUS_ENSURE(abs(q.unit_quaternion().squaredNorm() - Scalar(1)) <
                      Sophus::Constants<Scalar>::epsilon(),
                  "SO3::exp failed! omega: {}, real: {}, img: {}",
                  SOPHUS_FMT_ARG(omega.transpose()),
                  SOPHUS_FMT_ARG(real_factor), SOPHUS_FMT_ARG(imag_factor));
    return q;
  }

  template <class S = Scalar>
  static SOPHUS_FUNC enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<S>::value, SO3>
  fitToSO3(Transformation const& R) {
    return SO3(::Sophus::makeRotationMatrix(R));
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Transformation generator(int i) {
    SOPHUS_ENSURE(i >= 0 && i <= 2, "%s", "i should be in range [0,2].");
    Tangent e;
    e.setZero();
    e[i] = Scalar(1);
    return hat(e);
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Transformation hat(Tangent const& omega) {
    Transformation Omega;
    // clang-format off
    Omega <<
        Scalar(0), -omega(2),  omega(1),
         omega(2), Scalar(0), -omega(0),
        -omega(1),  omega(0), Scalar(0);
    // clang-format on
    return Omega;
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Tangent lieBracket(Tangent const& omega1,
                                        Tangent const& omega2) {
    return omega1.cross(omega2);
  }

  static SOPHUS_FUNC SO3 rotX(Scalar const& x) {
    return SO3::exp(Sophus::Vector3<Scalar>(x, Scalar(0), Scalar(0)));
  }

  static SOPHUS_FUNC SO3 rotY(Scalar const& y) {
    return SO3::exp(Sophus::Vector3<Scalar>(Scalar(0), y, Scalar(0)));
  }

  static SOPHUS_FUNC SO3 rotZ(Scalar const& z) {
    return SO3::exp(Sophus::Vector3<Scalar>(Scalar(0), Scalar(0), z));
  }

  template <class UniformRandomBitGenerator>
  static SO3 sampleUniform(UniformRandomBitGenerator& generator) {
    static_assert(IsUniformRandomBitGenerator<UniformRandomBitGenerator>::value,
                  "generator must meet the UniformRandomBitGenerator concept");

    std::uniform_real_distribution<Scalar> uniform(Scalar(0), Scalar(1));
    std::uniform_real_distribution<Scalar> uniform_twopi(
        Scalar(0), 2 * Constants<Scalar>::pi());

    const Scalar u1 = uniform(generator);
    const Scalar u2 = uniform_twopi(generator);
    const Scalar u3 = uniform_twopi(generator);

    const Scalar a = sqrt(1 - u1);
    const Scalar b = sqrt(u1);

    return SO3(
        QuaternionMember(a * sin(u2), a * cos(u2), b * sin(u3), b * cos(u3)));
  }

  SOPHUS_FUNC static Tangent vee(Transformation const& Omega) {
    return Tangent(Omega(2, 1), Omega(0, 2), Omega(1, 0));
  }

 protected:
  SOPHUS_FUNC QuaternionMember& unit_quaternion_nonconst() {
    return unit_quaternion_;
  }

  QuaternionMember unit_quaternion_;
};

}  // namespace Sophus

namespace Eigen {
template <class Scalar_, int Options>
class Map<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_>, Options>
    : public Sophus::SO3Base<Map<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_>, Options>> {
 public:
  using Base = Sophus::SO3Base<Map<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_>, Options>>;
  using Scalar = Scalar_;
  using Transformation = typename Base::Transformation;
  using Point = typename Base::Point;
  using HomogeneousPoint = typename Base::HomogeneousPoint;
  using Tangent = typename Base::Tangent;
  using Adjoint = typename Base::Adjoint;

  friend class Sophus::SO3Base<Map<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_>, Options>>;

  using Base::operator=;
  using Base::operator*=;
  using Base::operator*;

  SOPHUS_FUNC explicit Map(Scalar* coeffs) : unit_quaternion_(coeffs) {}

  SOPHUS_FUNC Map<Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar>, Options> const& unit_quaternion()
      const {
    return unit_quaternion_;
  }

 protected:
  SOPHUS_FUNC Map<Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar>, Options>&
  unit_quaternion_nonconst() {
    return unit_quaternion_;
  }

  Map<Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar>, Options> unit_quaternion_;
};

template <class Scalar_, int Options>
class Map<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_> const, Options>
    : public Sophus::SO3Base<Map<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_> const, Options>> {
 public:
  using Base = Sophus::SO3Base<Map<Sophus::SO3<Scalar_> const, Options>>;
  using Scalar = Scalar_;
  using Transformation = typename Base::Transformation;
  using Point = typename Base::Point;
  using HomogeneousPoint = typename Base::HomogeneousPoint;
  using Tangent = typename Base::Tangent;
  using Adjoint = typename Base::Adjoint;

  using Base::operator*=;
  using Base::operator*;

  SOPHUS_FUNC explicit Map(Scalar const* coeffs) : unit_quaternion_(coeffs) {}

  SOPHUS_FUNC Map<Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar> const, Options> const&
  unit_quaternion() const {
    return unit_quaternion_;
  }

 protected:
  Map<Eigen::Quaternion<Scalar> const, Options> const unit_quaternion_;
};
}  // namespace Eigen