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karto_scan_matcher.cpp

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/*********************************************************/
#include <karto_scan_matcher/karto_scan_matcher.h>
#include <tf/transform_datatypes.h>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <boost/bind.hpp>
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>
#include <boost/lexical_cast.hpp>
#include <boost/thread.hpp>
/*
#include <pcl_ros/point_cloud.h>
#include <pcl/point_types.h>
*/

namespace karto_scan_matcher
{

namespace sm=sensor_msgs;
namespace gm=geometry_msgs;
using std::string;
using std::vector;
using boost::bind;
using boost::lexical_cast;

//typedef pcl::PointCloud<pcl::PointXYZRGB> PointCloud;

// Since Karto has a global namespace for sensors, we need to autogenerate unique ones of these
static boost::mutex static_name_mutex;
static unsigned name_suffix;


/************************************************************
 * Conversion
 ************************************************************/

karto::LocalizedRangeScan* convertLaserScan (karto::LaserRangeFinder* laser, const sm::LaserScan& scan, 
                                             const gm::Pose2D& pose)
{
  // Convert to Karto
  karto::Pose2 karto_pose(pose.x, pose.y, pose.theta);
  vector<kt_double> readings(scan.ranges.begin(), scan.ranges.end());

  karto::LocalizedRangeScan* localized = new karto::LocalizedRangeScan(laser->GetName(), readings);
  localized->SetOdometricPose(karto_pose);
  localized->SetCorrectedPose(karto_pose);
  return localized;
}

karto::LocalizedRangeScan* convertLaserScan(karto::LaserRangeFinder* laser, const ScanWithPose& scan)
{
  return convertLaserScan(laser, scan.scan, scan.pose);
}


/************************************************************
 * Initialization 
 ************************************************************/

KartoScanMatcher::KartoScanMatcher (const sm::LaserScan& init_scan, const tf::TransformListener& tf,
                                    const double search_space_size, const double search_grid_resolution) 
{
  // Get the laser's pose, relative to base.
  tf::Stamped<tf::Pose> ident;
  tf::Stamped<tf::Pose> laser_to_base;
  ident.setIdentity();
  ident.frame_id_ = init_scan.header.frame_id;
  ident.stamp_ = ros::Time();
  
  if (!tf.waitForTransform("base_link", ident.frame_id_, ros::Time::now(), ros::Duration(10.0))) {
    ROS_FATAL_STREAM ("Didn't get a transform between base_link and " << ident.frame_id_ <<
                      " in time during KartoScanMatcher initialization");
    ROS_BREAK();
  }
  
  tf.transformPose("base_link", ident, laser_to_base);

  gm::Pose2D laser_pose;
  laser_pose.x = laser_to_base.getOrigin().x();
  laser_pose.y = laser_to_base.getOrigin().y();
  laser_pose.theta = tf::getYaw(laser_to_base.getRotation());

  vector<double> search_sizes;
  search_sizes.push_back(search_space_size);
  vector<double> search_resolutions;
  search_resolutions.push_back(search_grid_resolution);  
  initialize(init_scan, laser_pose, search_sizes, search_resolutions);
}

KartoScanMatcher::KartoScanMatcher (const sm::LaserScan& init_scan, const gm::Pose2D& laser_pose,
                                    const double search_space_size, const double search_grid_resolution)
{
  DoubleVector search_sizes;
  search_sizes.push_back(search_space_size);
  DoubleVector search_resolutions;
  search_resolutions.push_back(search_grid_resolution);  
  initialize(init_scan, laser_pose, search_sizes, search_resolutions);
}

KartoScanMatcher::KartoScanMatcher (const sensor_msgs::LaserScan& init_scan, const geometry_msgs::Pose2D& laser_pose,
                                    const DoubleVector& search_sizes, const DoubleVector& search_resolutions)
{
  initialize(init_scan, laser_pose, search_sizes, search_resolutions);
}

void KartoScanMatcher::initialize (const sm::LaserScan& init_scan, const gm::Pose2D& laser_pose,
                                   const DoubleVector& search_sizes, const DoubleVector& search_resolutions)
{
  penalize_distance_ = true;
  laser_to_base_ = btTransform(tf::createQuaternionFromYaw(laser_pose.theta).asBt(),
                               btVector3(laser_pose.x, laser_pose.y, 0.0));
  string suffix;
  {
    boost::mutex::scoped_lock l(static_name_mutex);
    suffix =  boost::lexical_cast<string>(name_suffix++);
  }
  
  ROS_DEBUG_NAMED ("karto", "Initializing scan matcher(s) using scan %u", init_scan.header.seq);
  dataset_.reset(new karto::Dataset());
  const size_t num_matchers = search_sizes.size();
  if (num_matchers == 0)
    ROS_WARN_NAMED ("karto", "Zero sets of matcher parameters given to KartoScanMatcher: almost surely an error");
  ROS_ASSERT (search_resolutions.size() == num_matchers);
  matchers_.resize(num_matchers);
  mappers_.resize(num_matchers);
  for (size_t i=0; i<num_matchers; i++) {
    if (i>0) {
      if (search_sizes[i] >= search_sizes[i-1])
        ROS_WARN_NAMED ("karto", "Matcher %zu search size was %f and %zu was %f, which look out of order",
                        i-1, search_sizes[i-1], i, search_sizes[i]);
      if (search_resolutions[i] >= search_resolutions[i-1])
        ROS_WARN_NAMED ("karto", "Matcher %zu search resolution was %f and %zu was %f, which look out of order",
                        i-1, search_resolutions[i-1], i, search_sizes[i]);
    }
    mappers_[i].reset(new karto::Mapper());
    matchers_[i].reset(karto::ScanMatcher::Create(mappers_[i].get(), search_sizes[i], search_resolutions[i],
                                                  DEFAULT_SMEAR_DEVIATION, DEFAULT_RANGE_THRESHOLD));
    ROS_DEBUG_NAMED ("karto", "Search space size for matcher %zu is %.2f and resolution is %.2f",
                     i, search_sizes[i], search_resolutions[i]);
  }


  // This is copied over from slam_karto.cpp
  
  // Create a laser range finder device and copy in data from the first scan
  string name = init_scan.header.frame_id;
  laser_ = karto::LaserRangeFinder::CreateLaserRangeFinder
    (karto::LaserRangeFinder_Custom, karto::Name(name+suffix));
  laser_->SetOffsetPose(karto::Pose2(laser_pose.x, laser_pose.y,
                                     laser_pose.theta));
  laser_->SetMinimumRange(init_scan.range_min);
  laser_->SetMaximumRange(init_scan.range_max);
  laser_->SetMinimumAngle(init_scan.angle_min);
  laser_->SetMaximumAngle(init_scan.angle_max);
  laser_->SetAngularResolution(init_scan.angle_increment);
  // TODO: expose this, and many other parameters
  //laser_->SetRangeThreshold(12.0);
  dataset_->Add(laser_);
}

void KartoScanMatcher::setPenalizeDistance (const bool penalize)
{
  penalize_distance_ = penalize;
}
  
/************************************************************
 * Scan matching
 ************************************************************/

gm::Pose2D subtractLaserOffset (const karto::Pose2& pose, const karto::Pose2& offset)
{
  btTransform laser_to_base(tf::createQuaternionFromYaw(offset.GetHeading()).asBt(),
                            btVector3(offset.GetX(), offset.GetY(), 0.0));
  btTransform laser_to_map(tf::createQuaternionFromYaw(pose.GetHeading()).asBt(),
                           btVector3(pose.GetX(), pose.GetY(), 0.0));
  btTransform base_to_map = laser_to_map*laser_to_base.inverse();
  gm::Pose2D result;
  result.x = base_to_map.getOrigin().x();
  result.y = base_to_map.getOrigin().y();
  result.theta = tf::getYaw(base_to_map.getRotation());
  return result;
}

typedef boost::shared_ptr<karto::LocalizedRangeScan> ScanPtr;
ScanPtr wrapBareScanPtr (karto::LocalizedRangeScan* scan)
{
  return ScanPtr(scan);
}


ScanMatchResult KartoScanMatcher::scanMatch (const sm::LaserScan& scan, const gm::Pose2D& pose, 
                                        const vector<ScanWithPose>& reference_scans) const
{
  ROS_DEBUG_NAMED ("karto", "Converting to Karto and matching");
  
  karto::LocalizedRangeScanVector localized_reference_scans;
  transform(reference_scans.begin(), reference_scans.end(), back_inserter(localized_reference_scans),
            bind(convertLaserScan, laser_, _1));

  // RAII objects to ensure the above pointers get freed at end of this scope
  vector<ScanPtr> scan_ptrs(localized_reference_scans.size());
  transform(localized_reference_scans.begin(), localized_reference_scans.end(),
            scan_ptrs.begin(), wrapBareScanPtr);

  gm::Pose2D current_estimate = pose;
  double last_response = -42.42;
  Eigen::Matrix3f covariance = Eigen::Matrix3f::Zero();

  // Repeatedly match with each matcher, using the previous matcher's estimate to initialize
  BOOST_FOREACH (const MatcherPtr matcher, matchers_) {

    karto::LocalizedRangeScan* localized_scan = convertLaserScan(laser_, scan, current_estimate);

    // To make sure it gets freed we wrap it in a shared pointer
    // In later versions of Karto, the 'dataset' object is being used to memory-manage such pointers
    // I'm keeping it this way for now because the dataset only frees things when it goes out of scope
    // I could make it local to this function, but then it'd have to reinitialize the laser scan object
    // every time.  There seems to be no other effect of adding a laser scan to a dataset, so this should
    // be fine.
    ScanPtr scan_ptr(localized_scan); 
    karto::Pose2 mean;
    karto::Matrix3 cov;

    const bool refine_match = true;
    ROS_DEBUG_NAMED ("karto", "  Current estimate is %.2f, %.2f, %.2f, Calling scan matcher",
                     current_estimate.x, current_estimate.y, current_estimate.theta);
    last_response = matcher->MatchScan(localized_scan, localized_reference_scans, mean,
                                       cov, penalize_distance_, refine_match);
    current_estimate = subtractLaserOffset(mean, laser_->GetOffsetPose());
    for (unsigned i=0; i<3; i++) {
      for (unsigned j=0; j<3; j++) {
        covariance(i,j) = cov(i,j);
      }
    }
    ROS_DEBUG_NAMED ("karto", "  Response was %.4f.", last_response);
  }

  if (vis_pub_)
    visualizeResult(scan, pose, reference_scans, current_estimate);
  
  ROS_DEBUG_NAMED ("karto", "Returning result %.2f, %.2f, %.2f with covariances (x-x: %.2f, y-y: %.2f, x-y: %.2f, th-th: %.2f)",
                   current_estimate.x, current_estimate.y, current_estimate.theta, covariance(0,0),
                   covariance(1,1), covariance(0,1), covariance(2,2));

  return ScanMatchResult(current_estimate, covariance, last_response);
}

/************************************************************
 * Visualization
 ***********************************************************/

void KartoScanMatcher::setVisualizationPublisher (const std::string& topic,
                                                  const std::string& frame)
{

  //nh_ = ros::NodeHandle();
  /*
  vis_pub_ = nh_->advertise<PointCloud>(topic, 10);
  vis_frame_ = frame;
  */
}
/*
void addPoints (PointCloud* cloud, const gm::Pose2D& pose,
                const sm::LaserScan& scan, const char r,
                const char g, const char b,
                const btTransform& laser_to_base)
{
  double theta = scan.angle_min;
  BOOST_FOREACH (const double range, scan.ranges)
  {
    if ((scan.range_min < range) && (range < scan.range_max))
    {
      // Point in laser frame
      btVector3 p(range*cos(theta), range*sin(theta), 0);
      btVector3 p2 = laser_to_base*p;
      btVector3 p3 = btTransform(tf::createQuaternionFromYaw(pose.theta),
                                 btVector3(pose.x, pose.y, 0))*p2;
      pcl::PointXYZRGB pt;
      pt.x = p3.x();
      pt.y = p3.y();
      pt.z = p3.z();
      int rgb=0;
      rgb |= (r<<16);
      rgb |= (g<<8);
      rgb |= b;
      pt.rgb = *(float*)&rgb;
      cloud->points.push_back(pt);
    }
    theta += scan.angle_increment;
  }
}
*/

void KartoScanMatcher::visualizeResult (const sm::LaserScan& scan,
                                        const gm::Pose2D& pose, 
                                        const vector<ScanWithPose>& ref,
                                        const gm::Pose2D& corrected) const
{
  /*
  PointCloud cloud;

  // Input initial estimate
  addPoints(&cloud, pose, scan, 1, 0, 0, laser_to_base_);

  // Corrected estimate
  addPoints(&cloud, corrected, scan, 0, 1, 0, laser_to_base_);

  // Reference scans
  BOOST_FOREACH (const ScanWithPose& ref_scan, ref)
    addPoints(&cloud, ref_scan.pose, ref_scan.scan, 0, 0, 1, laser_to_base_);

  // Set cloud params and publish
  cloud.header.frame_id = vis_frame_;
  cloud.header.stamp = ros::Time::now();
  cloud.height = 1;
  cloud.width = cloud.points.size();
  vis_pub_->publish(cloud);
  */
}


} // namespace karto_scan_matcher

---

karto_scan_matcher
Author(s): Bhaskara Marthi
autogenerated on Sat Mar 2 13:43:15 2013