move_group.py

Go to the documentation of this file.

# Software License Agreement (BSD License)
#
# Copyright (c) 2012, Willow Garage, Inc.
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
#
#  * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
#    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#  * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
#    copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
#    disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided
#    with the distribution.
#  * Neither the name of Willow Garage, Inc. nor the names of its
#    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
#    from this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
# INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
# BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
# LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
# CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
# LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
# ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
# POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#
# Author: Ioan Sucan, William Baker
 
from geometry_msgs.msg import Pose, PoseStamped
from moveit_msgs.msg import RobotTrajectory, Grasp, PlaceLocation, Constraints, RobotState
from moveit_msgs.msg import MoveItErrorCodes, TrajectoryConstraints, PlannerInterfaceDescription
from sensor_msgs.msg import JointState
import rospy
import tf
from moveit_ros_planning_interface import _moveit_move_group_interface
from .exception import MoveItCommanderException
import moveit_commander.conversions as conversions
 
 
class MoveGroupCommander(object):
    """
    Execution of simple commands for a particular group
    """
 
    def __init__(self, name, robot_description="robot_description", ns="", wait_for_servers=5.0):
        """ Specify the group name for which to construct this commander instance. Throws an exception if there is an initialization error. """
        self._g = _moveit_move_group_interface.MoveGroupInterface(name, robot_description, ns, wait_for_servers)
 
    def get_name(self):
        """ Get the name of the group this instance was initialized for """
        return self._g.get_name()
 
    def stop(self):
        """ Stop the current execution, if any """
        self._g.stop()
 
    def get_active_joints(self):
        """ Get the active joints of this group """
        return self._g.get_active_joints()
 
    def get_joints(self):
        """ Get the joints of this group """
        return self._g.get_joints()
 
    def get_variable_count(self):
        """ Return the number of variables used to parameterize a state in this group (larger or equal to number of DOF)"""
        return self._g.get_variable_count()
 
    def has_end_effector_link(self):
        """ Check if this group has a link that is considered to be an end effector """
        return len(self._g.get_end_effector_link()) > 0
 
    def get_end_effector_link(self):
        """ Get the name of the link that is considered to be an end-effector. Return an empty string if there is no end-effector. """
        return self._g.get_end_effector_link()
 
    def set_end_effector_link(self, link_name):
        """ Set the name of the link to be considered as an end effector """
        if not self._g.set_end_effector_link(link_name):
            raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set end effector link")
 
    def get_interface_description(self):
        """ Get the description of the planner interface (list of planner ids) """
        desc = PlannerInterfaceDescription()
        conversions.msg_from_string(desc, self._g.get_interface_description())
        return desc
 
    def get_pose_reference_frame(self):
        """ Get the reference frame assumed for poses of end-effectors """
        return self._g.get_pose_reference_frame()
 
    def set_pose_reference_frame(self, reference_frame):
        """ Set the reference frame to assume for poses of end-effectors """
        self._g.set_pose_reference_frame(reference_frame)
 
    def get_planning_frame(self):
        """ Get the name of the frame where all planning is performed """
        return self._g.get_planning_frame()
 
    def get_current_joint_values(self):
        """ Get the current configuration of the group as a list (these are values published on /joint_states) """
        return self._g.get_current_joint_values()
 
    def get_current_pose(self, end_effector_link=""):
        """ Get the current pose of the end-effector of the group. Throws an exception if there is not end-effector. """
        if len(end_effector_link) > 0 or self.has_end_effector_link():
            return conversions.list_to_pose_stamped(self._g.get_current_pose(end_effector_link), self.get_planning_frame())
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("There is no end effector to get the pose of")
 
    def get_current_rpy(self, end_effector_link=""):
        """ Get a list of 3 elements defining the [roll, pitch, yaw] of the end-effector. Throws an exception if there is not end-effector. """
        if len(end_effector_link) > 0 or self.has_end_effector_link():
            return self._g.get_current_rpy(end_effector_link)
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("There is no end effector to get the rpy of")
 
    def get_random_joint_values(self):
        return self._g.get_random_joint_values()
 
    def get_random_pose(self, end_effector_link=""):
        if len(end_effector_link) > 0 or self.has_end_effector_link():
            return conversions.list_to_pose_stamped(self._g.get_random_pose(end_effector_link), self.get_planning_frame())
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("There is no end effector to get the pose of")
 
    def set_start_state_to_current_state(self):
        self._g.set_start_state_to_current_state()
 
    def set_start_state(self, msg):
        """
        Specify a start state for the group.
 
        Parameters
        ----------
        msg : moveit_msgs/RobotState
 
        Examples
        --------
        >>> from moveit_msgs.msg import RobotState
        >>> from sensor_msgs.msg import JointState
        >>> joint_state = JointState()
        >>> joint_state.header = Header()
        >>> joint_state.header.stamp = rospy.Time.now()
        >>> joint_state.name = ['joint_a', 'joint_b']
        >>> joint_state.position = [0.17, 0.34]
        >>> moveit_robot_state = RobotState()
        >>> moveit_robot_state.joint_state = joint_state
        >>> group.set_start_state(moveit_robot_state)
        """
        self._g.set_start_state(conversions.msg_to_string(msg))
 
    def get_current_state_bounded(self):
        """ Get the current state of the robot bounded."""
        s = RobotState()
        c_str = self._g.get_current_state_bounded()
        conversions.msg_from_string(s, c_str)
        return s
 
    def get_current_state(self):
        """ Get the current state of the robot."""
        s = RobotState()
        c_str = self._g.get_current_state()
        conversions.msg_from_string(s, c_str)
        return s
 
    def get_joint_value_target(self):
        return self._g.get_joint_value_target()
 
    def set_joint_value_target(self, arg1, arg2=None, arg3=None):
        """
        Specify a target joint configuration for the group.
        - if the type of arg1 is one of the following: dict, list, JointState message, then no other arguments should be provided.
        The dict should specify pairs of joint variable names and their target values, the list should specify all the variable values
        for the group. The JointState message specifies the positions of some single-dof joints.
        - if the type of arg1 is string, then arg2 is expected to be defined and be either a real value or a list of real values. This is
        interpreted as setting a particular joint to a particular value.
        - if the type of arg1 is Pose or PoseStamped, both arg2 and arg3 could be defined. If arg2 or arg3 are defined, their types must
        be either string or bool. The string type argument is interpreted as the end-effector the pose is specified for (default is to use
        the default end-effector), and the bool is used to decide whether the pose specified is approximate (default is false). This situation
        allows setting the joint target of the group by calling IK. This does not send a pose to the planner and the planner will do no IK.
        Instead, one IK solution will be computed first, and that will be sent to the planner.
        """
        if isinstance(arg1, RobotState):
            if not self._g.set_state_value_target(conversions.msg_to_string(arg1)):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Error setting state target. Is the target state within bounds?")
 
        elif isinstance(arg1, JointState):
            if (arg2 is not None or arg3 is not None):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Too many arguments specified")
            if not self._g.set_joint_value_target_from_joint_state_message(conversions.msg_to_string(arg1)):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Error setting joint target. Is the target within bounds?")
 
        elif isinstance(arg1, str):
            if (arg2 is None):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Joint value expected when joint name specified")
            if (arg3 is not None):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Too many arguments specified")
            if not self._g.set_joint_value_target(arg1, arg2):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Error setting joint target. Is the target within bounds?")
 
        elif isinstance(arg1, (Pose, PoseStamped)):
            approx = False
            eef = ""
            if (arg2 is not None):
                if type(arg2) is str:
                    eef = arg2
                else:
                    if type(arg2) is bool:
                        approx = arg2
                    else:
                        raise MoveItCommanderException("Unexpected type")
            if (arg3 is not None):
                if type(arg3) is str:
                    eef = arg3
                else:
                    if type(arg3) is bool:
                        approx = arg3
                    else:
                        raise MoveItCommanderException("Unexpected type")
            r = False
            if type(arg1) is PoseStamped:
                r = self._g.set_joint_value_target_from_pose_stamped(conversions.msg_to_string(arg1), eef, approx)
            else:
                r = self._g.set_joint_value_target_from_pose(conversions.msg_to_string(arg1), eef, approx)
            if not r:
                if approx:
                    raise MoveItCommanderException("Error setting joint target. Does your IK solver support approximate IK?")
                else:
                    raise MoveItCommanderException("Error setting joint target. Is the IK solver functional?")
 
        elif (hasattr(arg1, '__iter__')):
            if (arg2 is not None or arg3 is not None):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Too many arguments specified")
            if not self._g.set_joint_value_target(arg1):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Error setting joint target. Is the target within bounds?")
 
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("Unsupported argument of type %s" % type(arg1))
 
    def set_rpy_target(self, rpy, end_effector_link=""):
        """ Specify a target orientation for the end-effector. Any position of the end-effector is acceptable."""
        if len(end_effector_link) > 0 or self.has_end_effector_link():
            if len(rpy) == 3:
                if not self._g.set_rpy_target(rpy[0], rpy[1], rpy[2], end_effector_link):
                    raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set orientation target")
            else:
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Expected [roll, pitch, yaw]")
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("There is no end effector to set the pose for")
 
    def set_orientation_target(self, q, end_effector_link=""):
        """ Specify a target orientation for the end-effector. Any position of the end-effector is acceptable."""
        if len(end_effector_link) > 0 or self.has_end_effector_link():
            if len(q) == 4:
                if not self._g.set_orientation_target(q[0], q[1], q[2], q[3], end_effector_link):
                    raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set orientation target")
            else:
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Expected [qx, qy, qz, qw]")
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("There is no end effector to set the pose for")
 
    def set_position_target(self, xyz, end_effector_link=""):
        """ Specify a target position for the end-effector. Any orientation of the end-effector is acceptable."""
        if len(end_effector_link) > 0 or self.has_end_effector_link():
            if not self._g.set_position_target(xyz[0], xyz[1], xyz[2], end_effector_link):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set position target")
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("There is no end effector to set the pose for")
 
    def set_pose_target(self, pose, end_effector_link=""):
        """ Set the pose of the end-effector, if one is available. The expected input is a Pose message, a PoseStamped message or a list of 6 floats:"""
        """ [x, y, z, rot_x, rot_y, rot_z] or a list of 7 floats [x, y, z, qx, qy, qz, qw] """
        if len(end_effector_link) > 0 or self.has_end_effector_link():
            ok = False
            if type(pose) is PoseStamped:
                old = self.get_pose_reference_frame()
                self.set_pose_reference_frame(pose.header.frame_id)
                ok = self._g.set_pose_target(conversions.pose_to_list(pose.pose), end_effector_link)
                self.set_pose_reference_frame(old)
            elif type(pose) is Pose:
                ok = self._g.set_pose_target(conversions.pose_to_list(pose), end_effector_link)
            else:
                ok = self._g.set_pose_target(pose, end_effector_link)
            if not ok:
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set target pose")
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("There is no end effector to set the pose for")
 
    def set_pose_targets(self, poses, end_effector_link=""):
        """ Set the pose of the end-effector, if one is available. The expected input is a list of poses. Each pose can be a Pose message, a list of 6 floats: [x, y, z, rot_x, rot_y, rot_z] or a list of 7 floats [x, y, z, qx, qy, qz, qw] """
        if len(end_effector_link) > 0 or self.has_end_effector_link():
            if not self._g.set_pose_targets([conversions.pose_to_list(p) if type(p) is Pose else p for p in poses], end_effector_link):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set target poses")
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("There is no end effector to set poses for")
 
    def shift_pose_target(self, axis, value, end_effector_link=""):
        """ Get the current pose of the end effector, add value to the corresponding axis (0..5: X, Y, Z, R, P, Y) and set the new pose as the pose target """
        if len(end_effector_link) > 0 or self.has_end_effector_link():
            pose = self._g.get_current_pose(end_effector_link)
            # by default we get orientation as a quaternion list
            # if we are updating a rotation axis however, we convert the orientation to RPY
            if axis > 2:
                (r, p, y) = tf.transformations.euler_from_quaternion(pose[3:])
                pose = [pose[0], pose[1], pose[2], r, p, y]
            if axis >= 0 and axis < 6:
                pose[axis] = pose[axis] + value
                self.set_pose_target(pose, end_effector_link)
            else:
                raise MoveItCommanderException("An axis value between 0 and 5 expected")
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("There is no end effector to set poses for")
 
    def clear_pose_target(self, end_effector_link):
        """ Clear the pose target for a particular end-effector """
        self._g.clear_pose_target(end_effector_link)
 
    def clear_pose_targets(self):
        """ Clear all known pose targets """
        self._g.clear_pose_targets()
 
    def set_random_target(self):
        """ Set a random joint configuration target """
        self._g.set_random_target()
 
    def get_named_targets(self):
        """ Get a list of all the names of joint configurations."""
        return self._g.get_named_targets()
 
    def set_named_target(self, name):
        """ Set a joint configuration by name. The name can be a name previlusy remembered with remember_joint_values() or a configuration specified in the SRDF. """
        if not self._g.set_named_target(name):
            raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set target %s. Is the target within bounds?" % name)
 
    def get_named_target_values(self, target):
        """Get a dictionary of joint values of a named target"""
        return self._g.get_named_target_values(target)
 
    def remember_joint_values(self, name, values=None):
        """ Record the specified joint configuration of the group under the specified name. If no values are specified, the current state of the group is recorded. """
        if values is None:
            values = self.get_current_joint_values()
        self._g.remember_joint_values(name, values)
 
    def get_remembered_joint_values(self):
        """ Get a dictionary that maps names to joint configurations for the group """
        return self._g.get_remembered_joint_values()
 
    def forget_joint_values(self, name):
        """ Forget a stored joint configuration """
        self._g.forget_joint_values(name)
 
    def get_goal_tolerance(self):
        """ Return a tuple of goal tolerances: joint, position and orientation. """
        return (self.get_goal_joint_tolerance(), self.get_goal_position_tolerance(), self.get_goal_orientation_tolerance())
 
    def get_goal_joint_tolerance(self):
        """ Get the tolerance for achieving a joint goal (distance for each joint variable) """
        return self._g.get_goal_joint_tolerance()
 
    def get_goal_position_tolerance(self):
        """ When moving to a position goal or to a pose goal, the tolerance for the goal position is specified as the radius a sphere around the target origin of the end-effector """
        return self._g.get_goal_position_tolerance()
 
    def get_goal_orientation_tolerance(self):
        """ When moving to an orientation goal or to a pose goal, the tolerance for the goal orientation is specified as the distance (roll, pitch, yaw) to the target origin of the end-effector """
        return self._g.get_goal_orientation_tolerance()
 
    def set_goal_tolerance(self, value):
        """ Set the joint, position and orientation goal tolerances simultaneously """
        self._g.set_goal_tolerance(value)
 
    def set_goal_joint_tolerance(self, value):
        """ Set the tolerance for a target joint configuration """
        self._g.set_goal_joint_tolerance(value)
 
    def set_goal_position_tolerance(self, value):
        """ Set the tolerance for a target end-effector position """
        self._g.set_goal_position_tolerance(value)
 
    def set_goal_orientation_tolerance(self, value):
        """ Set the tolerance for a target end-effector orientation """
        self._g.set_goal_orientation_tolerance(value)
 
    def allow_looking(self, value):
        """ Enable/disable looking around for motion planning """
        self._g.allow_looking(value)
 
    def allow_replanning(self, value):
        """ Enable/disable replanning """
        self._g.allow_replanning(value)
 
    def get_known_constraints(self):
        """ Get a list of names for the constraints specific for this group, as read from the warehouse """
        return self._g.get_known_constraints()
 
    def get_path_constraints(self):
        """ Get the acutal path constraints in form of a moveit_msgs.msgs.Constraints """
        c = Constraints()
        c_str = self._g.get_path_constraints()
        conversions.msg_from_string(c, c_str)
        return c
 
    def set_path_constraints(self, value):
        """ Specify the path constraints to be used (as read from the database) """
        if value is None:
            self.clear_path_constraints()
        else:
            if type(value) is Constraints:
                self._g.set_path_constraints_from_msg(conversions.msg_to_string(value))
            elif not self._g.set_path_constraints(value):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set path constraints " + value)
 
    def clear_path_constraints(self):
        """ Specify that no path constraints are to be used during motion planning """
        self._g.clear_path_constraints()
 
    def get_trajectory_constraints(self):
        """ Get the actual trajectory constraints in form of a moveit_msgs.msgs.Constraints """
        c = Constraints()
        c_str = self._g.get_trajectory_constraints()
        conversions.msg_from_string(c, c_str)
        return c
 
    def set_trajectory_constraints(self, value):
        """ Specify the trajectory constraints to be used """
        if value is None:
            self.clear_trajectory_constraints()
        else:
            if type(value) is TrajectoryConstraints:
                self._g.set_trajectory_constraints_from_msg(conversions.msg_to_string(value))
            elif not self._g.set_trajectory_constraints(value):
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set trajectory constraints " + value)
 
    def clear_trajectory_constraints(self):
        """ Specify that no trajectory constraints are to be used during motion planning """
        self._g.clear_trajectory_constraints()
 
    def set_constraints_database(self, host, port):
        """ Specify which database to connect to for loading possible path constraints """
        self._g.set_constraints_database(host, port)
 
    def set_planning_time(self, seconds):
        """ Specify the amount of time to be used for motion planning. """
        self._g.set_planning_time(seconds)
 
    def get_planning_time(self):
        """ Specify the amount of time to be used for motion planning. """
        return self._g.get_planning_time()
 
    def set_planner_id(self, planner_id):
        """ Specify which planner to use when motion planning """
        self._g.set_planner_id(planner_id)
 
    def get_planner_id(self):
        """ Get the current planner_id """
        return self._g.get_planner_id()
 
    def set_num_planning_attempts(self, num_planning_attempts):
        """ Set the number of times the motion plan is to be computed from scratch before the shortest solution is returned. The default value is 1. """
        self._g.set_num_planning_attempts(num_planning_attempts)
 
    def set_workspace(self, ws):
        """ Set the workspace for the robot as either [], [minX, minY, maxX, maxY] or [minX, minY, minZ, maxX, maxY, maxZ] """
        if len(ws) == 0:
            self._g.set_workspace(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
        else:
            if len(ws) == 4:
                self._g.set_workspace(ws[0], ws[1], 0.0, ws[2], ws[3], 0.0)
            else:
                if len(ws) == 6:
                    self._g.set_workspace(ws[0], ws[1], ws[2], ws[3], ws[4], ws[5])
                else:
                    raise MoveItCommanderException("Expected 0, 4 or 6 values in list specifying workspace")
 
    def set_max_velocity_scaling_factor(self, value):
        """ Set a scaling factor to reduce the maximum joint velocities. Allowed values are in (0,1].
            The default value is set in the joint_limits.yaml of the moveit_config package. """
        if value > 0 and value <= 1:
            self._g.set_max_velocity_scaling_factor(value)
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("Expected value in the range from 0 to 1 for scaling factor")
 
    def set_max_acceleration_scaling_factor(self, value):
        """ Set a scaling factor to reduce the maximum joint accelerations. Allowed values are in (0,1].
            The default value is set in the joint_limits.yaml of the moveit_config package. """
        if value > 0 and value <= 1:
            self._g.set_max_acceleration_scaling_factor(value)
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("Expected value in the range from 0 to 1 for scaling factor")
 
    def go(self, joints=None, wait=True):
        """ Set the target of the group and then move the group to the specified target """
        if type(joints) is bool:
            wait = joints
            joints = None
 
        elif type(joints) is JointState:
            self.set_joint_value_target(joints)
 
        elif type(joints) is Pose:
            self.set_pose_target(joints)
 
        elif joints is not None:
            try:
                self.set_joint_value_target(self.get_remembered_joint_values()[joints])
            except TypeError:
                self.set_joint_value_target(joints)
        if wait:
            return self._g.move()
        else:
            return self._g.async_move()
 
    def plan(self, joints=None):
        """ Return a tuple of the motion planning results such as
            (success flag : boolean, trajectory message : RobotTrajectory,
             planning time : float, error code : MoveitErrorCodes) """
        if type(joints) is JointState:
            self.set_joint_value_target(joints)
 
        elif type(joints) is Pose:
            self.set_pose_target(joints)
 
        elif joints is not None:
            try:
                self.set_joint_value_target(self.get_remembered_joint_values()[joints])
            except MoveItCommanderException:
                self.set_joint_value_target(joints)
 
        (error_code_msg, trajectory_msg, planning_time) = self._g.plan()
 
        error_code = MoveItErrorCodes()
        error_code.deserialize(error_code_msg)
        plan = RobotTrajectory()
        return (error_code.val == MoveItErrorCodes.SUCCESS,
                plan.deserialize(trajectory_msg),
                planning_time,
                error_code)
 
    def compute_cartesian_path(self, waypoints, eef_step, jump_threshold, avoid_collisions=True, path_constraints=None):
        """ Compute a sequence of waypoints that make the end-effector move in straight line segments that follow the poses specified as waypoints. Configurations are computed for every eef_step meters; The jump_threshold specifies the maximum distance in configuration space between consecutive points in the resultingpath; Kinematic constraints for the path given by path_constraints will be met for every point along the trajectory, if they are not met, a partial solution will be returned. The return value is a tuple: a fraction of how much of the path was followed, the actual RobotTrajectory. """
        if path_constraints:
            if type(path_constraints) is Constraints:
                constraints_str = conversions.msg_to_string(path_constraints)
            else:
                raise MoveItCommanderException("Unable to set path constraints, unknown constraint type " + type(path_constraints))
            (ser_path, fraction) = self._g.compute_cartesian_path([conversions.pose_to_list(p) for p in waypoints], eef_step, jump_threshold, avoid_collisions, constraints_str)
        else:
            (ser_path, fraction) = self._g.compute_cartesian_path([conversions.pose_to_list(p) for p in waypoints], eef_step, jump_threshold, avoid_collisions)
 
        path = RobotTrajectory()
        path.deserialize(ser_path)
        return (path, fraction)
 
    def execute(self, plan_msg, wait=True):
        """Execute a previously planned path"""
        if wait:
            return self._g.execute(conversions.msg_to_string(plan_msg))
        else:
            return self._g.async_execute(conversions.msg_to_string(plan_msg))
 
    def attach_object(self, object_name, link_name="", touch_links=[]):
        """ Given the name of an object existing in the planning scene, attach it to a link. The link used is specified by the second argument. If left unspecified, the end-effector link is used, if one is known. If there is no end-effector link, the first link in the group is used. If no link is identified, failure is reported. True is returned if an attach request was succesfully sent to the move_group node. This does not verify that the attach request also was successfuly applied by move_group."""
        return self._g.attach_object(object_name, link_name, touch_links)
 
    def detach_object(self, name=""):
        """ Given the name of a link, detach the object(s) from that link. If no such link exists, the name is interpreted as an object name. If there is no name specified, an attempt is made to detach all objects attached to any link in the group."""
        return self._g.detach_object(name)
 
    def pick(self, object_name, grasp=[], plan_only=False):
        """Pick the named object. A grasp message, or a list of Grasp messages can also be specified as argument."""
        if type(grasp) is Grasp:
            return self._g.pick(object_name, conversions.msg_to_string(grasp), plan_only)
        else:
            return self._g.pick(object_name, [conversions.msg_to_string(x) for x in grasp], plan_only)
 
    def place(self, object_name, location=None, plan_only=False):
        """Place the named object at a particular location in the environment or somewhere safe in the world if location is not provided"""
        result = False
        if not location:
            result = self._g.place(object_name, plan_only)
        elif type(location) is PoseStamped:
            old = self.get_pose_reference_frame()
            self.set_pose_reference_frame(location.header.frame_id)
            result = self._g.place(object_name, conversions.pose_to_list(location.pose), plan_only)
            self.set_pose_reference_frame(old)
        elif type(location) is Pose:
            result = self._g.place(object_name, conversions.pose_to_list(location), plan_only)
        elif type(location) is PlaceLocation:
            result = self._g.place(object_name, conversions.msg_to_string(location), plan_only)
        elif type(location) is list:
            if location:
                if type(location[0]) is PlaceLocation:
                    result = self._g.place_locations_list(object_name, [conversions.msg_to_string(x) for x in location], plan_only)
                elif type(location[0]) is PoseStamped:
                    result = self._g.place_poses_list(object_name, [conversions.msg_to_string(x) for x in location], plan_only)
                else:
                    raise MoveItCommanderException("Parameter location must be a Pose, PoseStamped, PlaceLocation, list of PoseStamped or list of PlaceLocation object")
        else:
            raise MoveItCommanderException("Parameter location must be a Pose, PoseStamped, PlaceLocation, list of PoseStamped or list of PlaceLocation object")
        return result
 
    def set_support_surface_name(self, value):
        """ Set the support surface name for a place operation """
        self._g.set_support_surface_name(value)
 
    def retime_trajectory(self, ref_state_in, traj_in, velocity_scaling_factor=1.0, acceleration_scaling_factor=1.0, algorithm="iterative_time_parameterization"):
        ser_ref_state_in = conversions.msg_to_string(ref_state_in)
        ser_traj_in = conversions.msg_to_string(traj_in)
        ser_traj_out = self._g.retime_trajectory(ser_ref_state_in, ser_traj_in, velocity_scaling_factor, acceleration_scaling_factor, algorithm)
        traj_out = RobotTrajectory()
        traj_out.deserialize(ser_traj_out)
        return traj_out
 
    def get_jacobian_matrix(self, joint_values, reference_point=None):
        """ Get the jacobian matrix of the group as a list"""
        return self._g.get_jacobian_matrix(joint_values, [0.0, 0.0, 0.0] if reference_point is None else reference_point)
 
    def enforce_bounds(self, robot_state_msg):
        """ Takes a moveit_msgs RobotState and enforces the state bounds, based on the C++ RobotState enforceBounds() """
        s = RobotState()
        c_str = self._g.enforce_bounds(conversions.msg_to_string(robot_state_msg))
        conversions.msg_from_string(s, c_str)
        return s