NETGeographicLib::DMS Class Reference

.NET wrapper for GeographicLib::DMS. More...

#include <DMS.h>

Public Types
enum	Component { Component::DEGREE, Component::MINUTE, Component::SECOND }
enum	Flag {   Flag::NONE, Flag::LATITUDE, Flag::LONGITUDE, Flag::AZIMUTH,   Flag::NUMBER }

Static Public Member Functions
static double	Decode (System::String^dms, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] Flag%ind)
static double	Decode (double d, double m, double s)
static double	DecodeAngle (System::String^angstr)
static double	DecodeAzimuth (System::String^azistr)
static void	DecodeLatLon (System::String^dmsa, System::String^dmsb, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%lat, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%lon, bool longfirst)
static System::String	Encode (double angle, Component trailing, unsigned prec, Flag ind, char dmssep)
static System::String	Encode (double angle, unsigned prec, Flag ind, char dmssep)
static void	Encode (double ang, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%d, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%m)
static void	Encode (double ang, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%d, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%m, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%s)

Detailed Description

.NET wrapper for GeographicLib::DMS.

Parse a string representing degree, minutes, and seconds and return the angle in degrees and format an angle in degrees as degree, minutes, and seconds. In addition, handle NANs and infinities on input and output.

C# Example:

using System;
using NETGeographicLib;

namespace example_DMS
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            try {
            {
                string dms = "30d14'45.6\"S";
                DMS.Flag type;
                double ang = DMS.Decode(dms, out type);
                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Type: {0} String: {1}", type, ang));
            }
            {
                double ang = -30.245715;
                string dms = DMS.Encode(ang, 6, DMS.Flag.LATITUDE, 0);
                Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Latitude: {0}", dms));
            }
            }
            catch (GeographicErr e) {
                Console.WriteLine( String.Format( "Caught exception: {0}", e.Message ) );
            }
        }
    }
}

Managed C++ Example:

// Example of using the GeographicLib::DMS class

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <exception>
#include <GeographicLib/DMS.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace GeographicLib;

int main() {
  try {
    {
      string dms = "30d14'45.6\"S";
      DMS::flag type;
      double ang = DMS::Decode(dms, type);
      cout << type << " " << ang << "\n";
    }
    {
      double ang = -30.245715;
      string dms = DMS::Encode(ang, 6, DMS::LATITUDE);
      cout << dms << "\n";
    }
  }
  catch (const exception& e) {
    cerr << "Caught exception: " << e.what() << "\n";
    return 1;
  }
}

Visual Basic Example:

Imports NETGeographicLib

Module example_DMS
    Sub Main()
        Try
            Dim desc As String = "30d14'45.6""S"
            Dim type As DMS.Flag
            Dim ang As Double = DMS.Decode(desc, type)
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Type: {0} String: {1}", type, ang))
            ang = -30.245715
            Dim prec As UInteger = 6
            desc = DMS.Encode(ang, prec, DMS.Flag.LATITUDE, 0)
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Latitude: {0}", desc))
        Catch ex As GeographicErr
            Console.WriteLine(String.Format("Caught exception: {0}", ex.Message))
        End Try
    End Sub
End Module

Definition at line 29 of file DMS.h.

Member Enumeration Documentation

enum NETGeographicLib::DMS::Component

strong

Indicator for trailing units on an angle.

Enumerator
DEGREE	Trailing unit is degrees.
MINUTE	Trailing unit is arc minutes.
SECOND	Trailing unit is arc seconds.

Definition at line 68 of file DMS.h.

enum NETGeographicLib::DMS::Flag

strong

Indicator for presence of hemisphere indicator (N/S/E/W) on latitudes and longitudes.

Enumerator
NONE	No indicator present.
LATITUDE	Latitude indicator (N/S) present.
LONGITUDE	Longitude indicator (E/W) present.
AZIMUTH	Used in Encode to indicate output of an azimuth in [000, 360) with no letter indicator.
NUMBER	Used in Encode to indicate output of a plain number.

Definition at line 36 of file DMS.h.

Member Function Documentation

double DMS::Decode ( System::String^  dms, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] Flag%  ind  )

static

Convert a string in DMS to an angle.

Parameters

[in]	dms	string input.
[out]	ind	a DMS::flag value signaling the presence of a hemisphere indicator.

Exceptions

GeographicErr

if dms is malformed (see below).

Returns

angle (degrees).

Degrees, minutes, and seconds are indicated by the characters d, ' (single quote), " (double quote), and these components may only be given in this order. Any (but not all) components may be omitted and other symbols (e.g., the ° symbol for degrees and the unicode prime and double prime symbols for minutes and seconds) may be substituted; two single quotes can be used instead of ". The last component indicator may be omitted and is assumed to be the next smallest unit (thus 33d10 is interpreted as 33d10'). The final component may be a decimal fraction but the non-final components must be integers. Instead of using d, ', and " to indicate degrees, minutes, and seconds, : (colon) may be used to separate these components (numbers must appear before and after each colon); thus 50d30'10.3" may be written as 50:30:10.3, 5.5' may be written 0:5.5, and so on. The integer parts of the minutes and seconds components must be less than 60. A single leading sign is permitted. A hemisphere designator (N, E, W, S) may be added to the beginning or end of the string. The result is multiplied by the implied sign of the hemisphere designator (negative for S and W). In addition ind is set to DMS::LATITUDE if N or S is present, to DMS::LONGITUDE if E or W is present, and to DMS::NONE otherwise. Throws an error on a malformed string. No check is performed on the range of the result. Examples of legal and illegal strings are

• LEGAL (all the entries on each line are equivalent)
  • -20.51125, 20d30'40.5"S, -20°30'40.5, -20d30.675, N-20d30'40.5", -20:30:40.5
  • 4d0'9, 4d9", 4d9'', 4:0:9, 004:00:09, 4.0025, 4.0025d, 4d0.15, 04:.15
  • 4:59.99999999999999, 4:60.0, 4:59:59.9999999999999, 4:59:60.0, 5
• ILLEGAL (the exception thrown explains the problem)
  • 4d5"4', 4::5, 4:5:, :4:5, 4d4.5'4", -N20.5, 1.8e2d, 4:60, 4:59:60

The decoding operation can also perform addition and subtraction operations. If the string includes internal signs (i.e., not at the beginning nor immediately after an initial hemisphere designator), then the string is split immediately before such signs and each piece is decoded according to the above rules and the results added; thus S3-2.5+4.1N is parsed as the sum of S3, -2.5, +4.1N. Any piece can include a hemisphere designator; however, if multiple designators are given, they must compatible; e.g., you cannot mix N and E. In addition, the designator can appear at the beginning or end of the first piece, but must be at the end of all subsequent pieces (a hemisphere designator is not allowed after the initial sign). Examples of legal and illegal combinations are

• LEGAL (these are all equivalent)
  • 070:00:45, 70:01:15W+0:0.5, 70:01:15W-0:0:30W, W70:01:15+0:0:30E
• ILLEGAL (the exception thrown explains the problem)
  • 70:01:15W+0:0:15N, W70:01:15+W0:0:15

WARNING: "Exponential" notation is not recognized. Thus 7.0E1 is illegal, while 7.0E+1 is parsed as (7.0E) + (+1), yielding the same result as 8.0E.

NOTE: At present, all the string handling in the C++ implementation GeographicLib is with 8-bit characters. The support for unicode symbols for degrees, minutes, and seconds is therefore via the UTF-8 encoding. (The JavaScript implementation of this class uses unicode natively, of course.)

Here is the list of Unicode symbols supported for degrees, minutes, seconds:

• degrees:
  • d, D lower and upper case letters
  • U+00b0 degree symbol (°)
  • U+00ba masculine ordinal indicator
  • U+2070 superscript zero
  • U+02da ring above
• minutes:
  • ' apostrophe
  • U+2032 prime (′)
  • U+00b4 acute accent
  • U+2019 right single quote (’)
• seconds:
  • " quotation mark
  • U+2033 double prime (″)
  • U+201d right double quote (”)
  • ' ' any two consecutive symbols for minutes

The codes with a leading zero byte, e.g., U+00b0, are accepted in their UTF-8 coded form 0xc2 0xb0 and as a single byte 0xb0.

Definition at line 19 of file dotnet/NETGeographicLib/DMS.cpp.

static double NETGeographicLib::DMS::Decode ( double  d, double  m, double  s  )

inlinestatic

Convert DMS to an angle.

Parameters

[in]	d	degrees.
[in]	m	arc minutes.
[in]	s	arc seconds.

Returns

angle (degrees)

This does not propagate the sign on d to the other components, so -3d20' would need to be represented as - DMS::Decode(3.0, 20.0) or DMS::Decode(-3.0, -20.0).

Definition at line 194 of file DMS.h.

double DMS::DecodeAngle ( System::String^  angstr )

static

Convert a string to an angle in degrees.

Parameters

[in]

angstr

input string.

Exceptions

GeographicErr	if angstr is malformed.
GeographicErr	if angstr includes a hemisphere designator.

Returns

angle (degrees)

No hemisphere designator is allowed and no check is done on the range of the result.

Definition at line 56 of file dotnet/NETGeographicLib/DMS.cpp.

double DMS::DecodeAzimuth ( System::String^  azistr )

static

Convert a string to an azimuth in degrees.

Parameters

[in]

azistr

input string.

Exceptions

GeographicErr	if azistr is malformed.
GeographicErr	if azistr includes a N/S designator.

Returns

azimuth (degrees) reduced to the range [−180°, 180°).

A hemisphere designator E/W can be used; the result is multiplied by −1 if W is present.

Definition at line 69 of file dotnet/NETGeographicLib/DMS.cpp.

void DMS::DecodeLatLon ( System::String^  dmsa, System::String^  dmsb, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%  lat, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%  lon, bool  longfirst  )

static

Convert a pair of strings to latitude and longitude.

Parameters

[in]	dmsa	first string.
[in]	dmsb	second string.
[out]	lat	latitude (degrees).
[out]	lon	longitude (degrees).
[in]	longfirst	if true assume longitude is given before latitude in the absence of hemisphere designators (default false).

Exceptions

GeographicErr	if dmsa or dmsb is malformed.
GeographicErr	if dmsa and dmsb are both interpreted as latitudes.
GeographicErr	if dmsa and dmsb are both interpreted as longitudes.
GeographicErr	if decoded latitude is not in [−90°, 90°].

By default, the lat (resp., lon) is assigned to the results of decoding dmsa (resp., dmsb). However this is overridden if either dmsa or dmsb contain a latitude or longitude hemisphere designator (N, S, E, W). If an exception is thrown, lat and lon are unchanged.

Definition at line 36 of file dotnet/NETGeographicLib/DMS.cpp.

System::String DMS::Encode ( double  angle, Component  trailing, unsigned  prec, Flag  ind, char  dmssep  )

static

Convert angle (in degrees) into a DMS string (using d, ', and ").

Parameters

[in]	angle	input angle (degrees)
[in]	trailing	DMS::component value indicating the trailing units on the string and this is given as a decimal number if necessary.
[in]	prec	the number of digits after the decimal point for the trailing component.
[in]	ind	DMS::flag value indicated additional formatting.
[in]	dmssep	if non-null, use as the DMS separator character (instead of d, ', " delimiters).

Exceptions

GeographicErr

if memory for the string can't be allocated.

Returns

formatted string

The interpretation of ind is as follows:

• ind == DMS::NONE, signed result no leading zeros on degrees except in the units place, e.g., -8d03'.
• ind == DMS::LATITUDE, trailing N or S hemisphere designator, no sign, pad degrees to 2 digits, e.g., 08d03'S.
• ind == DMS::LONGITUDE, trailing E or W hemisphere designator, no sign, pad degrees to 3 digits, e.g., 008d03'W.
• ind == DMS::AZIMUTH, convert to the range [0, 360°), no sign, pad degrees to 3 digits, , e.g., 351d57'.

The integer parts of the minutes and seconds components are always given with 2 digits.

Definition at line 82 of file dotnet/NETGeographicLib/DMS.cpp.

System::String DMS::Encode ( double  angle, unsigned  prec, Flag  ind, char  dmssep  )

static

Convert angle into a DMS string (using d, ', and ") selecting the trailing component based on the precision.

Parameters

[in]	angle	input angle (degrees)
[in]	prec	the precision relative to 1 degree.
[in]	ind	DMS::flag value indicated additional formatting.
[in]	dmssep	if non-null, use as the DMS separator character (instead of d, ', " delimiters).

Exceptions

std::bad_alloc

if memory for the string can't be allocated.

Returns

formatted string

prec indicates the precision relative to 1 degree, e.g., prec = 3 gives a result accurate to 0.1' and prec = 4 gives a result accurate to 1". ind is interpreted as in DMS::Encode with the additional facility that DMS::NUMBER represents angle as a number in fixed format with precision prec.

Definition at line 101 of file dotnet/NETGeographicLib/DMS.cpp.

static void NETGeographicLib::DMS::Encode ( double  ang, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%  d, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%  m  )

inlinestatic

Split angle into degrees and minutes

Parameters

[in]	ang	angle (degrees)
[out]	d	degrees (an integer returned as a double)
[out]	m	arc minutes.

Definition at line 310 of file DMS.h.

static void NETGeographicLib::DMS::Encode ( double  ang, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%  d, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%  m, [System::Runtime::InteropServices::Out] double%  s  )

inlinestatic

Split angle into degrees and minutes and seconds.

Parameters

[in]	ang	angle (degrees)
[out]	d	degrees (an integer returned as a double)
[out]	m	arc minutes (an integer returned as a double)
[out]	s	arc seconds.

Definition at line 325 of file DMS.h.

---

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

• DMS.h
• dotnet/NETGeographicLib/DMS.cpp