Template Class KDTreeBaseClass

Nested Relationships

Nested Types

Inheritance Relationships

Derived Types

Class Documentation

template<class Derived, typename Distance, class DatasetAdaptor, int32_t DIM = -1, typename index_t = uint32_t>
class KDTreeBaseClass

kd-tree base-class

Contains the member functions common to the classes KDTreeSingleIndexAdaptor and KDTreeSingleIndexDynamicAdaptor_.

Template Parameters:
  • Derived – The name of the class which inherits this class.

  • DatasetAdaptor – The user-provided adaptor, which must be ensured to have a lifetime equal or longer than the instance of this class.

  • Distance – The distance metric to use, these are all classes derived from nanoflann::Metric

  • DIM – Dimensionality of data points (e.g. 3 for 3D points)

  • IndexType – Type of the arguments with which the data can be accessed (e.g. float, double, int64_t, T*)

Subclassed by nanoflann::KDTreeSingleIndexAdaptor< metric_t, self_t, row_major ? MatrixType::ColsAtCompileTime :MatrixType::RowsAtCompileTime, IndexType >, nanoflann::KDTreeSingleIndexDynamicAdaptor_< Distance, DatasetAdaptor, DIM, IndexType >, nanoflann::KDTreeSingleIndexIncrementalAdaptor< Distance, DatasetAdaptor, DIM, IndexType >

Public Types

using ElementType = typename Distance::ElementType
using DistanceType = typename Distance::DistanceType
using IndexType = index_t
Offset = typename decltype(vAcc_)::size_type
Size = typename decltype(vAcc_)::size_type
using Dimension = int32_t
using NodePtr = Node*
using NodeConstPtr = const Node*
using BoundingBox = typename array_or_vector<DIM, Interval>::type

Define “BoundingBox” as a fixed-size or variable-size container depending on “DIM”

using distance_vector_t = typename array_or_vector<DIM, DistanceType>::type

Define “distance_vector_t” as a fixed-size or variable-size container depending on “DIM”

Public Functions

inline void freeIndex(Derived &obj)

Frees the previously-built index. Automatically called within buildIndex().

inline NANOFLANN_NODISCARD Size size (const Derived &obj) const noexcept

Returns number of points in dataset

inline NANOFLANN_NODISCARD Size veclen (const Derived &obj) const noexcept

Returns the length of each point in the dataset. For a fixed-size tree (DIM > 0) this is a compile-time constant; under C++17 the if constexpr lets the compiler drop the runtime read of dim_ entirely. The C++11 path keeps the equivalent ternary.

inline ElementType dataset_get(const Derived &obj, IndexType element, Dimension component) const

Helper accessor to the dataset points:

inline NANOFLANN_NODISCARD Size usedMemory (const Derived &obj) const

Computes the index memory usage Returns: memory used by the index

inline void computeMinMax(const Derived &obj, Offset ind, Size count, Dimension element, ElementType &min_elem, ElementType &max_elem) const

Compute the minimum and maximum element values in the specified dimension

inline NANOFLANN_NODISCARD bool isActive (IndexType) const

Returns true if the point at index idx should be visited during search. The static adaptor always returns true; the dynamic adaptor overrides this to skip tombstoned (removed) points.

inline void computeBoundingBox(BoundingBox &bbox)

Computes the bounding box of the points currently in the index. Uses size_ (set by buildIndex before this is called) so the result is correct for both the static and dynamic adaptors.

template<class RESULTSET>
inline bool searchLevel(RESULTSET &result_set, const ElementType *vec, const NodePtr node, DistanceType mindist, distance_vector_t &dists, const DistanceType epsError) const

Performs an exact search in the tree starting from a node. Uses the CRTP-dispatched isActive() hook to skip removed points (no-op in the static adaptor, checks treeIndex_ in the dynamic adaptor).

Template Parameters:

RESULTSET – Should be any ResultSet<DistanceType>

Returns:

true if the search should be continued, false if the results are sufficient

inline bool makeNode(Derived &obj, NodePtr node, const Offset left, const Offset right, BoundingBox &bbox, Offset &idx, Dimension &cutfeat, DistanceType &cutval)

Create a tree node that subdivides the list of vecs from vind[first] to vind[last]. The routine is called recursively on each sublist.

Parameters:
  • left – index of the first vector

  • right – index of the last vector

  • bbox – bounding box used as input for splitting and output for parent node Initialize a freshly-allocated node while building the tree: either turn it into a leaf node (computing the leaf bounding-box) or compute the split plane for an interior node. Shared by the sequential and concurrent builders, which differ only in how they recurse.

Returns:

true if the node became a leaf (no further recursion needed), false if it is an interior node and idx / cutfeat / cutval describe the split plane.

inline void finalizeSplitNode(Derived &obj, NodePtr node, const Dimension cutfeat, const BoundingBox &left_bbox, const BoundingBox &right_bbox, BoundingBox &bbox)

After both children of an interior node have been built, record the split planes and expand bbox to the union of the children bounding-boxes. Shared by the sequential and concurrent builders.

inline NodePtr divideTree(Derived &obj, const Offset left, const Offset right, BoundingBox &bbox)
inline NodePtr divideTreeConcurrent(Derived &obj, const Offset left, const Offset right, BoundingBox &bbox, std::atomic<unsigned int> &thread_count, std::mutex &mutex)

Create a tree node that subdivides the list of vecs from vind[first] to vind[last] concurrently. The routine is called recursively on each sublist.

Parameters:
  • left – index of the first vector

  • right – index of the last vector

  • bbox – bounding box used as input for splitting and output for parent node

  • thread_count – count of std::async threads

  • mutex – mutex for mempool allocation

inline void middleSplit_(const Derived &obj, const Offset ind, const Size count, Offset &index, Dimension &cutfeat, DistanceType &cutval, const BoundingBox &bbox)
inline void planeSplit(const Derived &obj, const Offset ind, const Size count, const Dimension cutfeat, const DistanceType &cutval, Offset &lim1, Offset &lim2)

Subdivide the list of points by a plane perpendicular on the axis corresponding to the ‘cutfeat’ dimension at ‘cutval’ position.

On return: dataset[ind[0..lim1-1]][cutfeat] < cutval dataset[ind[lim1..lim2-1]][cutfeat] == cutval dataset[ind[lim2..count]][cutfeat] > cutval

inline DistanceType computeInitialDistances(const Derived &obj, const ElementType *vec, distance_vector_t &dists) const
inline void saveIndex(const Derived &obj, std::ostream &stream) const

Stores the index in a binary stream.

The set of data points is NOT stored; when reloading, the index object must be constructed with the same dataset. See: examples/saveload_example.cpp

See also

loadIndex

Note

Portability limitations (by design &#8212; fixing them would require a breaking format change):

  • Files are NOT portable across different endianness (e.g. x86 little-endian vs. big-endian SPARC/PowerPC). No byte-swapping is performed.

  • Files are NOT portable across 32-bit vs. 64-bit platforms (sizeof(size_t) differs).

  • Files are NOT portable across different nanoflann versions; loadIndex() throws if the version in the file does not match the library.

  • Files are NOT portable across different template instantiations (e.g. float vs. double IndexType/ElementType); loadIndex() throws on mismatch.

inline void loadIndex(Derived &obj, std::istream &stream)

Loads an index previously saved with saveIndex() from a binary stream.

The index object must be constructed associated to the same dataset that was used when building the saved index. See: examples/saveload_example.cpp

See also

saveIndex

Note

See saveIndex() for portability limitations.

Throws:

std::runtime_error – if the stream does not start with the expected magic number (wrong file or corrupt data), if the nanoflann version in the file differs from the current library version, if the saved type sizes (size_t, IndexType, ElementType, DistanceType) do not match the current template instantiation, or if a read error occurs.

Public Members

std::vector<IndexType> vAcc_

Array of indices to vectors in the dataset_.

NodePtr root_node_ = nullptr
Size leaf_max_size_ = 0
Size n_thread_build_ = 1

Number of thread for concurrent tree build.

Size size_ = 0

Number of current points in the dataset.

Size size_at_index_build_ = 0

Number of points in the dataset when the index was built.

Dimension dim_ = 0

Dimensionality of each data point.

BoundingBox root_bbox_

The KD-tree used to find neighbors

PooledAllocator pool_

Pooled memory allocator.

Using a pooled memory allocator is more efficient than allocating memory directly when there is a large number small of memory allocations.

Public Static Functions

static inline void save_tree(const Derived &obj, std::ostream &stream, const NodeConstPtr tree)
static inline void load_tree(Derived &obj, std::istream &stream, NodePtr &tree)

Public Static Attributes

static uint32_t SAVE_MAGIC = 0x4E464C4E

Magic number written at the start of every saveIndex() stream. Spells ‘NFLN’ in ASCII.

struct Node

Public Members

Offset left
Offset right

Indices of points in leaf node.

struct nanoflann::KDTreeBaseClass::Node::leaf lr
Dimension divfeat

Dimension used for subdivision. The values used for subdivision.

DistanceType divlow
DistanceType divhigh
struct nanoflann::KDTreeBaseClass::Node::nonleaf sub
union nanoflann::KDTreeBaseClass::Node node_type

Union used because a node can be either a LEAF node or a non-leaf node, so both data fields are never used simultaneously

Node *child1 = nullptr

Child nodes (both=nullptr mean its a leaf node)

Node *child2 = nullptr
struct Interval

Public Members

ElementType low
ElementType high