gpc.cpp

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/*
 This file is part of the VRender library.
 Copyright (C) 2005 Cyril Soler (Cyril.Soler@imag.fr)
 Version 1.0.0, released on June 27, 2005.

 http://artis.imag.fr/Members/Cyril.Soler/VRender

 VRender is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 (at your option) any later version.

 VRender is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 GNU General Public License for more details.

 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 along with VRender; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
*/

/****************************************************************************

 Copyright (C) 2002-2013 Gilles Debunne. All rights reserved.

 This file is part of the QGLViewer library version 2.4.0.

 http://www.libqglviewer.com - contact@libqglviewer.com

 This file may be used under the terms of the GNU General Public License 
 versions 2.0 or 3.0 as published by the Free Software Foundation and
 appearing in the LICENSE file included in the packaging of this file.
 In addition, as a special exception, Gilles Debunne gives you certain 
 additional rights, described in the file GPL_EXCEPTION in this package.

 libQGLViewer uses dual licensing. Commercial/proprietary software must
 purchase a libQGLViewer Commercial License.

 This file is provided AS IS with NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE
 WARRANTY OF DESIGN, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

*****************************************************************************/

/*
===========================================================================

Project:   Generic Polygon Clipper

           A new algorithm for calculating the difference, intersection,
           exclusive-or or union of arbitrary polygon sets.

File:      gpc.c
Author:    Alan Murta (email: gpc@cs.man.ac.uk)
Version:   2.32
Date:      17th December 2004

Copyright: (C) 1997-2004, Advanced Interfaces Group,
           University of Manchester.

           This software is free for non-commercial use. It may be copied,
           modified, and redistributed provided that this copyright notice
           is preserved on all copies. The intellectual property rights of
           the algorithms used reside with the University of Manchester
           Advanced Interfaces Group.

           You may not use this software, in whole or in part, in support
           of any commercial product without the express consent of the
           author.

           There is no warranty or other guarantee of fitness of this
           software for any purpose. It is provided solely "as is".

===========================================================================
*/


/*
===========================================================================
                                Includes
===========================================================================
*/

#include <stdexcept>
#include "gpc.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <float.h>
#include <math.h>

using namespace std ;

/*
===========================================================================
                                Constants
===========================================================================
*/

#ifndef TRUE
#define FALSE              0
#define TRUE               1
#endif

#define LEFT               0
#define RIGHT              1

#define ABOVE              0
#define BELOW              1

#define CLIP               0
#define SUBJ               1

#define INVERT_TRISTRIPS   FALSE


/*
===========================================================================
                                 Macros
===========================================================================
*/

#define EQ(a, b)           (fabs((a) - (b)) <= GPC_EPSILON)

#define PREV_INDEX(i, n)   ((i - 1 + n) % n)
#define NEXT_INDEX(i, n)   ((i + 1    ) % n)

#define OPTIMAL(v, i, n)   ((v[PREV_INDEX(i, n)].y != v[i].y) || \
                            (v[NEXT_INDEX(i, n)].y != v[i].y))

#define FWD_MIN(v, i, n)   ((v[PREV_INDEX(i, n)].vertex.y >= v[i].vertex.y) \
                         && (v[NEXT_INDEX(i, n)].vertex.y > v[i].vertex.y))

#define NOT_FMAX(v, i, n)   (v[NEXT_INDEX(i, n)].vertex.y > v[i].vertex.y)

#define REV_MIN(v, i, n)   ((v[PREV_INDEX(i, n)].vertex.y > v[i].vertex.y) \
                         && (v[NEXT_INDEX(i, n)].vertex.y >= v[i].vertex.y))

#define NOT_RMAX(v, i, n)   (v[PREV_INDEX(i, n)].vertex.y > v[i].vertex.y)

#define VERTEX(e,p,s,x,y)  {add_vertex(&((e)->outp[(p)]->v[(s)]), x, y); \
                            (e)->outp[(p)]->active++;}

#define P_EDGE(d,e,p,i,j)  {(d)= (e); \
                            do {(d)= (d)->prev;} while (!(d)->outp[(p)]); \
                            (i)= (d)->bot.x + (d)->dx * ((j)-(d)->bot.y);}

#define N_EDGE(d,e,p,i,j)  {(d)= (e); \
                            do {(d)= (d)->next;} while (!(d)->outp[(p)]); \
                            (i)= (d)->bot.x + (d)->dx * ((j)-(d)->bot.y);}

#define MALLOC(p, b, s, t) {if ((b) > 0) { \
                            p= (t*)malloc(b); if (!(p)) { \
                            fprintf(stderr, "gpc malloc failure: %s\n", s); \
                            exit(0);}} else p= NULL;}

#define FREE(p)            {if (p) {free(p); (p)= NULL;}}


/*
===========================================================================
                            Private Data Types
===========================================================================
*/

typedef enum                        /* Edge intersection classes         */
{
  NUL,                              /* Empty non-intersection            */
  EMX,                              /* External maximum                  */
  ELI,                              /* External left intermediate        */
  TED,                              /* Top edge                          */
  ERI,                              /* External right intermediate       */
  RED,                              /* Right edge                        */
  IMM,                              /* Internal maximum and minimum      */
  IMN,                              /* Internal minimum                  */
  EMN,                              /* External minimum                  */
  EMM,                              /* External maximum and minimum      */
  LED,                              /* Left edge                         */
  ILI,                              /* Internal left intermediate        */
  BED,                              /* Bottom edge                       */
  IRI,                              /* Internal right intermediate       */
  IMX,                              /* Internal maximum                  */
  FUL                               /* Full non-intersection             */
} vertex_type;

typedef enum                        /* Horizontal edge states            */
{
  NH,                               /* No horizontal edge                */
  BH,                               /* Bottom horizontal edge            */
  TH                                /* Top horizontal edge               */
} h_state;

typedef enum                        /* Edge bundle state                 */
{
  UNBUNDLED,                        /* Isolated edge not within a bundle */
  BUNDLE_HEAD,                      /* Bundle head node                  */
  BUNDLE_TAIL                       /* Passive bundle tail node          */
} bundle_state;

typedef struct v_shape              /* Internal vertex list datatype     */
{
  double              x;            /* X coordinate component            */
  double              y;            /* Y coordinate component            */
  struct v_shape     *next;         /* Pointer to next vertex in list    */
} vertex_node;

class polygon_node              /* Internal contour / tristrip type  */
{
        public:
                polygon_node(): next(0),proxy(0) { v[0]=0; v[1]=0; }

                int                 active;       /* Active flag / vertex count        */
                int                 hole;         /* Hole / external contour flag      */
                vertex_node        *v[2];         /* Left and right vertex list ptrs   */
                polygon_node       *next;         /* Pointer to next polygon contour   */
                polygon_node       *proxy;        /* Pointer to actual structure used  */
} ;

class edge_node
{
        public:
                edge_node()
                        : prev(0),next(0),pred(0),succ(0),next_bound(0)
                        {
                                outp[0] = 0 ;
                                outp[1] = 0 ;
                        }
                gpc_vertex          vertex;       /* Piggy-backed contour vertex data  */
                gpc_vertex          bot;          /* Edge lower (x, y) coordinate      */
                gpc_vertex          top;          /* Edge upper (x, y) coordinate      */
                double              xb;           /* Scanbeam bottom x coordinate      */
                double              xt;           /* Scanbeam top x coordinate         */
                double              dx;           /* Change in x for a unit y increase */
                int                 type;         /* Clip / subject edge flag          */
                int                 bundle[2][2]; /* Bundle edge flags                 */
                int                 bside[2];     /* Bundle left / right indicators    */
                bundle_state        bstate[2];    /* Edge bundle state                 */
                polygon_node       *outp[2];      /* Output polygon / tristrip pointer */
                edge_node  *prev;                                /* Previous edge in the AET          */
                edge_node  *next;                                /* Next edge in the AET              */
                edge_node  *pred;                                /* Edge connected at the lower end   */
                edge_node  *succ;                                /* Edge connected at the upper end   */
                edge_node  *next_bound;                          /* Pointer to next bound in LMT      */
} ;

class lmt_node                                                   /* Local minima table                */
{
        public:
                lmt_node() : first_bound(0),next(0) {}
                double              y;            /* Y coordinate at local minimum     */
                edge_node          *first_bound;  /* Pointer to bound list             */
                lmt_node                         *next;         /* Pointer to next local minimum     */
} ;

typedef struct sbt_t_shape          /* Scanbeam tree                     */
{
  double              y;            /* Scanbeam node y value             */
  struct sbt_t_shape *less;         /* Pointer to nodes with lower y     */
  struct sbt_t_shape *more;         /* Pointer to nodes with higher y    */
} sb_tree;

typedef struct it_shape             /* Intersection table                */
{
  edge_node          *ie[2];        /* Intersecting edge (bundle) pair   */
  gpc_vertex          point;        /* Point of intersection             */
  struct it_shape    *next;         /* The next intersection table node  */
} it_node;

typedef struct st_shape             /* Sorted edge table                 */
{
  edge_node          *edge;         /* Pointer to AET edge               */
  double              xb;           /* Scanbeam bottom x coordinate      */
  double              xt;           /* Scanbeam top x coordinate         */
  double              dx;           /* Change in x for a unit y increase */
  struct st_shape    *prev;         /* Previous edge in sorted list      */
} st_node;

typedef struct bbox_shape           /* Contour axis-aligned bounding box */
{
  double             xmin;          /* Minimum x coordinate              */
  double             ymin;          /* Minimum y coordinate              */
  double             xmax;          /* Maximum x coordinate              */
  double             ymax;          /* Maximum y coordinate              */
} bbox;


/*
===========================================================================
                               Global Data
===========================================================================
*/

/* Horizontal edge state transitions within scanbeam boundary */
const h_state next_h_state[3][6]=
{
  /*        ABOVE     BELOW     CROSS */
  /*        L   R     L   R     L   R */
  /* NH */ {BH, TH,   TH, BH,   NH, NH},
  /* BH */ {NH, NH,   NH, NH,   TH, TH},
  /* TH */ {NH, NH,   NH, NH,   BH, BH}
};


/*
===========================================================================
                             Private Functions
===========================================================================
*/

static void reset_it(it_node **it)
{
  it_node *itn;

  while (*it)
  {
    itn= (*it)->next;
    FREE(*it);
    *it= itn;
  }
}


static void reset_lmt(lmt_node **lmt)
{
  lmt_node *lmtn;

  while (*lmt)
  {
    lmtn= (*lmt)->next;
    FREE(*lmt);
    *lmt= lmtn;
  }
}


static void insert_bound(edge_node **b, edge_node *e)
{
  edge_node *existing_bound;

  if (!*b)
  {
    /* Link node e to the tail of the list */
    *b= e;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Do primary sort on the x field */
    if (e[0].bot.x < (*b)[0].bot.x)
    {
      /* Insert a new node mid-list */
      existing_bound= *b;
      *b= e;
      (*b)->next_bound= existing_bound;
    }
    else
    {
      if (e[0].bot.x == (*b)[0].bot.x)
      {
        /* Do secondary sort on the dx field */
        if (e[0].dx < (*b)[0].dx)
        {
          /* Insert a new node mid-list */
          existing_bound= *b;
          *b= e;
          (*b)->next_bound= existing_bound;
        }
        else
        {
          /* Head further down the list */
          insert_bound(&((*b)->next_bound), e);
        }
      }
      else
      {
        /* Head further down the list */
        insert_bound(&((*b)->next_bound), e);
      }
    }
  }
}


static edge_node **bound_list(lmt_node **lmt, double y)
{
  lmt_node *existing_node;

  if (!*lmt)
  {
    /* Add node onto the tail end of the LMT */
    MALLOC(*lmt, sizeof(lmt_node), "LMT insertion", lmt_node);
    (*lmt)->y= y;
    (*lmt)->first_bound= NULL;
    (*lmt)->next= NULL;
    return &((*lmt)->first_bound);
  }
  else
    if (y < (*lmt)->y)
    {
      /* Insert a new LMT node before the current node */
      existing_node= *lmt;
      MALLOC(*lmt, sizeof(lmt_node), "LMT insertion", lmt_node);
      (*lmt)->y= y;
      (*lmt)->first_bound= NULL;
      (*lmt)->next= existing_node;
      return &((*lmt)->first_bound);
    }
    else
      if (y > (*lmt)->y)
        /* Head further up the LMT */
        return bound_list(&((*lmt)->next), y);
      else
        /* Use this existing LMT node */
        return &((*lmt)->first_bound);
}


static void add_to_sbtree(int *entries, sb_tree **sbtree, double y)
{
  if (!*sbtree)
  {
    /* Add a new tree node here */
    MALLOC(*sbtree, sizeof(sb_tree), "scanbeam tree insertion", sb_tree);
    (*sbtree)->y= y;
    (*sbtree)->less= NULL;
    (*sbtree)->more= NULL;
    (*entries)++;
  }
  else
  {
    if ((*sbtree)->y > y)
    {
    /* Head into the 'less' sub-tree */
      add_to_sbtree(entries, &((*sbtree)->less), y);
    }
    else
    {
      if ((*sbtree)->y < y)
      {
        /* Head into the 'more' sub-tree */
        add_to_sbtree(entries, &((*sbtree)->more), y);
      }
    }
  }
}


static void build_sbt(int *entries, double *sbt, sb_tree *sbtree)
{
  if (sbtree->less)
    build_sbt(entries, sbt, sbtree->less);
  sbt[*entries]= sbtree->y;
  (*entries)++;
  if (sbtree->more)
    build_sbt(entries, sbt, sbtree->more);
}


static void free_sbtree(sb_tree **sbtree)
{
  if (*sbtree)
  {
    free_sbtree(&((*sbtree)->less));
    free_sbtree(&((*sbtree)->more));
    FREE(*sbtree);
  }
}


static int count_optimal_vertices(gpc_vertex_list c)
{
  int result= 0, i;

  /* Ignore non-contributing contours */
  if (c.num_vertices > 0)
  {
    for (i= 0; i < c.num_vertices; i++)
      /* Ignore superfluous vertices embedded in horizontal edges */
      if (OPTIMAL(c.vertex, i, c.num_vertices))
        result++;
  }
  return result;
}


static edge_node *build_lmt(lmt_node **lmt, sb_tree **sbtree,
                            int *sbt_entries, gpc_polygon *p, int type,
                            gpc_op op)
{
  int          c, i, min, max, num_edges, v, num_vertices;
  int          total_vertices= 0, e_index=0;
  edge_node   *e, *edge_table;

  for (c= 0; c < p->num_contours; c++)
    total_vertices+= count_optimal_vertices(p->contour[c]);

  /* Create the entire input polygon edge table in one go */
  MALLOC(edge_table, total_vertices * sizeof(edge_node), "edge table creation", edge_node);
  for(int k=0;k<total_vertices;++k)
          edge_table[k] = edge_node() ;

  for (c= 0; c < p->num_contours; c++)
  {
    if (p->contour[c].num_vertices < 0)
    {
      /* Ignore the non-contributing contour and repair the vertex count */
      p->contour[c].num_vertices= -p->contour[c].num_vertices;
    }
    else
    {
      /* Perform contour optimisation */
      num_vertices= 0;
      for (i= 0; i < p->contour[c].num_vertices; i++)
        if (OPTIMAL(p->contour[c].vertex, i, p->contour[c].num_vertices))
        {
          edge_table[num_vertices].vertex.x= p->contour[c].vertex[i].x;
          edge_table[num_vertices].vertex.y= p->contour[c].vertex[i].y;

          /* Record vertex in the scanbeam table */
          add_to_sbtree(sbt_entries, sbtree,
                        edge_table[num_vertices].vertex.y);

          num_vertices++;
        }

      /* Do the contour forward pass */
      for (min= 0; min < num_vertices; min++)
      {
        /* If a forward local minimum... */
        if (FWD_MIN(edge_table, min, num_vertices))
        {
          /* Search for the next local maximum... */
          num_edges= 1;
          max= NEXT_INDEX(min, num_vertices);
          while (NOT_FMAX(edge_table, max, num_vertices))
          {
            num_edges++;
            max= NEXT_INDEX(max, num_vertices);
          }

          /* Build the next edge list */
          e= &edge_table[e_index];
          e_index+= num_edges;
          v= min;
          e[0].bstate[BELOW]= UNBUNDLED;
          e[0].bundle[BELOW][CLIP]= FALSE;
          e[0].bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]= FALSE;
          for (i= 0; i < num_edges; i++)
          {
            e[i].xb= edge_table[v].vertex.x;
            e[i].bot.x= edge_table[v].vertex.x;
            e[i].bot.y= edge_table[v].vertex.y;

            v= NEXT_INDEX(v, num_vertices);

            e[i].top.x= edge_table[v].vertex.x;
            e[i].top.y= edge_table[v].vertex.y;
            e[i].dx= (edge_table[v].vertex.x - e[i].bot.x) /
                       (e[i].top.y - e[i].bot.y);
            e[i].type= type;
            e[i].outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            e[i].outp[BELOW]= NULL;
            e[i].next= NULL;
            e[i].prev= NULL;
            e[i].succ= ((num_edges > 1) && (i < (num_edges - 1))) ?
                       &(e[i + 1]) : NULL;
            e[i].pred= ((num_edges > 1) && (i > 0)) ? &(e[i - 1]) : NULL;
            e[i].next_bound= NULL;
            e[i].bside[CLIP]= (op == GPC_DIFF) ? RIGHT : LEFT;
            e[i].bside[SUBJ]= LEFT;
          }
          insert_bound(bound_list(lmt, edge_table[min].vertex.y), e);
        }
      }

      /* Do the contour reverse pass */
      for (min= 0; min < num_vertices; min++)
      {
      /* If a reverse local minimum... */
        if (REV_MIN(edge_table, min, num_vertices))
        {
          /* Search for the previous local maximum... */
          num_edges= 1;
          max= PREV_INDEX(min, num_vertices);
          while (NOT_RMAX(edge_table, max, num_vertices))
          {
            num_edges++;
            max= PREV_INDEX(max, num_vertices);
          }

          /* Build the previous edge list */
          e= &edge_table[e_index];
          e_index+= num_edges;
          v= min;
          e[0].bstate[BELOW]= UNBUNDLED;
          e[0].bundle[BELOW][CLIP]= FALSE;
          e[0].bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]= FALSE;
          for (i= 0; i < num_edges; i++)
          {
            e[i].xb= edge_table[v].vertex.x;
            e[i].bot.x= edge_table[v].vertex.x;
            e[i].bot.y= edge_table[v].vertex.y;

            v= PREV_INDEX(v, num_vertices);

            e[i].top.x= edge_table[v].vertex.x;
            e[i].top.y= edge_table[v].vertex.y;
            e[i].dx= (edge_table[v].vertex.x - e[i].bot.x) /
                       (e[i].top.y - e[i].bot.y);
            e[i].type= type;
            e[i].outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            e[i].outp[BELOW]= NULL;
            e[i].next= NULL;
            e[i].prev= NULL;
            e[i].succ= ((num_edges > 1) && (i < (num_edges - 1))) ?
                       &(e[i + 1]) : NULL;
            e[i].pred= ((num_edges > 1) && (i > 0)) ? &(e[i - 1]) : NULL;
            e[i].next_bound= NULL;
            e[i].bside[CLIP]= (op == GPC_DIFF) ? RIGHT : LEFT;
            e[i].bside[SUBJ]= LEFT;
          }
          insert_bound(bound_list(lmt, edge_table[min].vertex.y), e);
        }
      }
    }
  }
  return edge_table;
}


static void add_edge_to_aet(edge_node **aet, edge_node *edge, edge_node *prev)
{
  if (!*aet)
  {
    /* Append edge onto the tail end of the AET */
    *aet= edge;
    edge->prev= prev;
    edge->next= NULL;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Do primary sort on the xb field */
    if (edge->xb < (*aet)->xb)
    {
      /* Insert edge here (before the AET edge) */
      edge->prev= prev;
      edge->next= *aet;
      (*aet)->prev= edge;
      *aet= edge;
    }
    else
    {
      if (edge->xb == (*aet)->xb)
      {
        /* Do secondary sort on the dx field */
        if (edge->dx < (*aet)->dx)
        {
          /* Insert edge here (before the AET edge) */
          edge->prev= prev;
          edge->next= *aet;
          (*aet)->prev= edge;
          *aet= edge;
        }
        else
        {
          /* Head further into the AET */
          add_edge_to_aet(&((*aet)->next), edge, *aet);
        }
      }
      else
      {
        /* Head further into the AET */
        add_edge_to_aet(&((*aet)->next), edge, *aet);
      }
    }
  }
}


static void add_intersection(it_node **it, edge_node *edge0, edge_node *edge1,
                             double x, double y)
{
  it_node *existing_node;

  if (!*it)
  {
    /* Append a new node to the tail of the list */
    MALLOC(*it, sizeof(it_node), "IT insertion", it_node);
    (*it)->ie[0]= edge0;
    (*it)->ie[1]= edge1;
    (*it)->point.x= x;
    (*it)->point.y= y;
    (*it)->next= NULL;
  }
  else
  {
    if ((*it)->point.y > y)
    {
      /* Insert a new node mid-list */
      existing_node= *it;
      MALLOC(*it, sizeof(it_node), "IT insertion", it_node);
      (*it)->ie[0]= edge0;
      (*it)->ie[1]= edge1;
      (*it)->point.x= x;
      (*it)->point.y= y;
      (*it)->next= existing_node;
    }
    else
      /* Head further down the list */
      add_intersection(&((*it)->next), edge0, edge1, x, y);
  }
}


static void add_st_edge(st_node **st, it_node **it, edge_node *edge,
                        double dy)
{
  st_node *existing_node;
  double   den, r, x, y;

  if (!*st)
  {
    /* Append edge onto the tail end of the ST */
    MALLOC(*st, sizeof(st_node), "ST insertion", st_node);
    (*st)->edge= edge;
    (*st)->xb= edge->xb;
    (*st)->xt= edge->xt;
    (*st)->dx= edge->dx;
    (*st)->prev= NULL;
  }
  else
  {
    den= ((*st)->xt - (*st)->xb) - (edge->xt - edge->xb);

    /* If new edge and ST edge don't cross */
    if ((edge->xt >= (*st)->xt) || (edge->dx == (*st)->dx) ||
        (fabs(den) <= DBL_EPSILON))
    {
      /* No intersection - insert edge here (before the ST edge) */
      existing_node= *st;
      MALLOC(*st, sizeof(st_node), "ST insertion", st_node);
      (*st)->edge= edge;
      (*st)->xb= edge->xb;
      (*st)->xt= edge->xt;
      (*st)->dx= edge->dx;
      (*st)->prev= existing_node;
    }
    else
    {
      /* Compute intersection between new edge and ST edge */
      r= (edge->xb - (*st)->xb) / den;
      x= (*st)->xb + r * ((*st)->xt - (*st)->xb);
      y= r * dy;

      /* Insert the edge pointers and the intersection point in the IT */
      add_intersection(it, (*st)->edge, edge, x, y);

      /* Head further into the ST */
      add_st_edge(&((*st)->prev), it, edge, dy);
    }
  }
}


static void build_intersection_table(it_node **it, edge_node *aet, double dy)
{
  st_node   *st, *stp;
  edge_node *edge;

  /* Build intersection table for the current scanbeam */
  reset_it(it);
  st= NULL;

  /* Process each AET edge */
  for (edge= aet; edge; edge= edge->next)
  {
    if ((edge->bstate[ABOVE] == BUNDLE_HEAD) ||
         edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] || edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ])
      add_st_edge(&st, it, edge, dy);
  }

  /* Free the sorted edge table */
  while (st)
  {
    stp= st->prev;
    FREE(st);
    st= stp;
  }
}

static int count_contours(polygon_node *polygon)
{
  int          nc, nv;
  vertex_node *v, *nextv;

  for (nc= 0; polygon; polygon= polygon->next)
    if (polygon->active)
    {
      /* Count the vertices in the current contour */
      nv= 0;
      for (v= polygon->proxy->v[LEFT]; v; v= v->next)
        nv++;

      /* Record valid vertex counts in the active field */
      if (nv > 2)
      {
        polygon->active= nv;
        nc++;
      }
      else
      {
        /* Invalid contour: just free the heap */
        for (v= polygon->proxy->v[LEFT]; v; v= nextv)
        {
          nextv= v->next;
          FREE(v);
        }
        polygon->active= 0;
      }
    }
  return nc;
}


static void add_left(polygon_node *p, double x, double y)
{
  vertex_node *nv;

  if(p == NULL) throw runtime_error("GPC: Something's wrong.") ;

  /* Create a new vertex node and set its fields */
  MALLOC(nv, sizeof(vertex_node), "vertex node creation", vertex_node);
  nv->x= x;
  nv->y= y;

  /* Add vertex nv to the left end of the polygon's vertex list */
  nv->next= p->proxy->v[LEFT];

  /* Update proxy->[LEFT] to point to nv */
  p->proxy->v[LEFT]= nv;
}


static void merge_left(polygon_node *p, polygon_node *q, polygon_node *list)
{
  polygon_node *target;

  if(p == NULL) throw runtime_error("GPC: Something's wrong.") ;
  if(q == NULL) throw runtime_error("GPC: Something's wrong.") ;

  /* Label contour as a hole */
  q->proxy->hole= TRUE;

  if (p->proxy != q->proxy)
  {
    /* Assign p's vertex list to the left end of q's list */
    p->proxy->v[RIGHT]->next= q->proxy->v[LEFT];
    q->proxy->v[LEFT]= p->proxy->v[LEFT];

    /* Redirect any p->proxy references to q->proxy */

    for (target= p->proxy; list; list= list->next)
    {
      if (list->proxy == target)
      {
        list->active= FALSE;
        list->proxy= q->proxy;
      }
    }
  }
}


static void add_right(polygon_node *p, double x, double y)
{
  vertex_node *nv = 0;

  if(p == NULL) throw runtime_error("GPC: Something's wrong.") ;

  /* Create a new vertex node and set its fields */
  MALLOC(nv, sizeof(vertex_node), "vertex node creation", vertex_node);
  nv->x= x;
  nv->y= y;
  nv->next= NULL;

  /* Add vertex nv to the right end of the polygon's vertex list */
  p->proxy->v[RIGHT]->next= nv;

  /* Update proxy->v[RIGHT] to point to nv */
  p->proxy->v[RIGHT]= nv;
}


static void merge_right(polygon_node *p, polygon_node *q, polygon_node *list)
{
  polygon_node *target = 0;

  if(p == NULL) throw runtime_error("GPC: Something's wrong.") ;
  if(q == NULL) throw runtime_error("GPC: Something's wrong.") ;


  /* Label contour as external */
  q->proxy->hole= FALSE;

  if (p->proxy != q->proxy)
  {
    /* Assign p's vertex list to the right end of q's list */
    q->proxy->v[RIGHT]->next= p->proxy->v[LEFT];
    q->proxy->v[RIGHT]= p->proxy->v[RIGHT];

    /* Redirect any p->proxy references to q->proxy */
    for (target= p->proxy; list; list= list->next)
    {
      if (list->proxy == target)
      {
        list->active= FALSE;
        list->proxy= q->proxy;
      }
    }
  }
}


static void add_local_min(polygon_node **p, edge_node *edge,
                          double x, double y)
{
  polygon_node *existing_min = 0;
  vertex_node  *nv;

  existing_min= *p;

  MALLOC(*p, sizeof(polygon_node), "polygon node creation", polygon_node);
  **p = polygon_node() ;

  /* Create a new vertex node and set its fields */
  MALLOC(nv, sizeof(vertex_node), "vertex node creation", vertex_node);
  *nv = vertex_node() ;

  nv->x= x;
  nv->y= y;
  nv->next= NULL;

  /* Initialise proxy to point to p itself */
  (*p)->proxy= (*p);
  (*p)->active= TRUE;
  (*p)->next= existing_min;

  /* Make v[LEFT] and v[RIGHT] point to new vertex nv */
  (*p)->v[LEFT]= nv;
  (*p)->v[RIGHT]= nv;

  /* Assign polygon p to the edge */
  edge->outp[ABOVE]= *p;
}


static int count_tristrips(polygon_node *tn)
{
  int total;

  for (total= 0; tn; tn= tn->next)
    if (tn->active > 2)
      total++;
  return total;
}


static void add_vertex(vertex_node **t, double x, double y)
{
  if (!(*t))
  {
    MALLOC(*t, sizeof(vertex_node), "tristrip vertex creation", vertex_node);
    (*t)->x= x;
    (*t)->y= y;
    (*t)->next= NULL;
  }
  else
    /* Head further down the list */
    add_vertex(&((*t)->next), x, y);
}


static void new_tristrip(polygon_node **tn, edge_node *edge,
                         double x, double y)
{
  if (!(*tn))
  {
    MALLOC(*tn, sizeof(polygon_node), "tristrip node creation", polygon_node);
         **tn = polygon_node() ;

    (*tn)->next= NULL;
    (*tn)->v[LEFT]= NULL;
    (*tn)->v[RIGHT]= NULL;
    (*tn)->active= 1;
    add_vertex(&((*tn)->v[LEFT]), x, y);
    edge->outp[ABOVE]= *tn;
  }
  else
    /* Head further down the list */
    new_tristrip(&((*tn)->next), edge, x, y);
}


static bbox *create_contour_bboxes(gpc_polygon *p)
{
  bbox *box;
  int   c, v;

  MALLOC(box, p->num_contours * sizeof(bbox), "Bounding box creation", bbox);

  /* Construct contour bounding boxes */
  for (c= 0; c < p->num_contours; c++)
  {
    /* Initialise bounding box extent */
    box[c].xmin= DBL_MAX;
    box[c].ymin= DBL_MAX;
    box[c].xmax= -DBL_MAX;
    box[c].ymax= -DBL_MAX;

    for (v= 0; v < p->contour[c].num_vertices; v++)
    {
      /* Adjust bounding box */
      if (p->contour[c].vertex[v].x < box[c].xmin)
        box[c].xmin= p->contour[c].vertex[v].x;
      if (p->contour[c].vertex[v].y < box[c].ymin)
        box[c].ymin= p->contour[c].vertex[v].y;
      if (p->contour[c].vertex[v].x > box[c].xmax)
        box[c].xmax= p->contour[c].vertex[v].x;
      if (p->contour[c].vertex[v].y > box[c].ymax)
          box[c].ymax= p->contour[c].vertex[v].y;
    }
  }
  return box;
}


static void minimax_test(gpc_polygon *subj, gpc_polygon *clip, gpc_op op)
{
  bbox *s_bbox, *c_bbox;
  int   s, c, *o_table, overlap;

  s_bbox= create_contour_bboxes(subj);
  c_bbox= create_contour_bboxes(clip);

  MALLOC(o_table, subj->num_contours * clip->num_contours * sizeof(int),
         "overlap table creation", int);

  /* Check all subject contour bounding boxes against clip boxes */
  for (s= 0; s < subj->num_contours; s++)
    for (c= 0; c < clip->num_contours; c++)
      o_table[c * subj->num_contours + s]=
             (!((s_bbox[s].xmax < c_bbox[c].xmin) ||
                (s_bbox[s].xmin > c_bbox[c].xmax))) &&
             (!((s_bbox[s].ymax < c_bbox[c].ymin) ||
                (s_bbox[s].ymin > c_bbox[c].ymax)));

  /* For each clip contour, search for any subject contour overlaps */
  for (c= 0; c < clip->num_contours; c++)
  {
    overlap= 0;
    for (s= 0; (!overlap) && (s < subj->num_contours); s++)
      overlap= o_table[c * subj->num_contours + s];

    if (!overlap)
      /* Flag non contributing status by negating vertex count */
      clip->contour[c].num_vertices = -clip->contour[c].num_vertices;
  }

  if (op == GPC_INT)
  {
    /* For each subject contour, search for any clip contour overlaps */
    for (s= 0; s < subj->num_contours; s++)
    {
      overlap= 0;
      for (c= 0; (!overlap) && (c < clip->num_contours); c++)
        overlap= o_table[c * subj->num_contours + s];

      if (!overlap)
        /* Flag non contributing status by negating vertex count */
        subj->contour[s].num_vertices = -subj->contour[s].num_vertices;
    }
  }

  FREE(s_bbox);
  FREE(c_bbox);
  FREE(o_table);
}


/*
===========================================================================
                             Public Functions
===========================================================================
*/

void gpc_free_polygon(gpc_polygon *p)
{
  int c;

  for (c= 0; c < p->num_contours; c++)
    FREE(p->contour[c].vertex);
  FREE(p->hole);
  FREE(p->contour);
  p->num_contours= 0;
}

/* Unused and fscanf creates compilation warnings
void gpc_read_polygon(FILE *fp, int read_hole_flags, gpc_polygon *p)
{
  int c, v;

  fscanf(fp, "%d", &(p->num_contours));
  MALLOC(p->hole, p->num_contours * sizeof(int),
         "hole flag array creation", int);
  MALLOC(p->contour, p->num_contours
         * sizeof(gpc_vertex_list), "contour creation", gpc_vertex_list);
  for (c= 0; c < p->num_contours; c++)
  {
    fscanf(fp, "%d", &(p->contour[c].num_vertices));

    if (read_hole_flags)
      fscanf(fp, "%d", &(p->hole[c]));
    else
      p->hole[c]= FALSE; // Assume all contours to be external

    MALLOC(p->contour[c].vertex, p->contour[c].num_vertices
           * sizeof(gpc_vertex), "vertex creation", gpc_vertex);
    for (v= 0; v < p->contour[c].num_vertices; v++)
      fscanf(fp, "%lf %lf", &(p->contour[c].vertex[v].x),
                            &(p->contour[c].vertex[v].y));
  }
}
*/

void gpc_write_polygon(FILE *fp, int write_hole_flags, gpc_polygon *p)
{
  int c, v;

  fprintf(fp, "%d\n", p->num_contours);
  for (c= 0; c < p->num_contours; c++)
  {
    fprintf(fp, "%d\n", p->contour[c].num_vertices);

    if (write_hole_flags)
      fprintf(fp, "%d\n", p->hole[c]);

    for (v= 0; v < p->contour[c].num_vertices; v++)
      fprintf(fp, "% .*lf % .*lf\n",
              DBL_DIG, p->contour[c].vertex[v].x,
              DBL_DIG, p->contour[c].vertex[v].y);
  }
}


void gpc_add_contour(gpc_polygon *p, gpc_vertex_list *new_contour, int hole)
{
  int             *extended_hole, c, v;
  gpc_vertex_list *extended_contour;

  /* Create an extended hole array */
  MALLOC(extended_hole, (p->num_contours + 1)
         * sizeof(int), "contour hole addition", int);

  /* Create an extended contour array */
  MALLOC(extended_contour, (p->num_contours + 1)
         * sizeof(gpc_vertex_list), "contour addition", gpc_vertex_list);

  /* Copy the old contour and hole data into the extended arrays */
  for (c= 0; c < p->num_contours; c++)
  {
    extended_hole[c]= p->hole[c];
    extended_contour[c]= p->contour[c];
  }

  /* Copy the new contour and hole onto the end of the extended arrays */
  c= p->num_contours;
  extended_hole[c]= hole;
  extended_contour[c].num_vertices= new_contour->num_vertices;
  MALLOC(extended_contour[c].vertex, new_contour->num_vertices
         * sizeof(gpc_vertex), "contour addition", gpc_vertex);
  for (v= 0; v < new_contour->num_vertices; v++)
    extended_contour[c].vertex[v]= new_contour->vertex[v];

  /* Dispose of the old contour */
  FREE(p->contour);
  FREE(p->hole);

  /* Update the polygon information */
  p->num_contours++;
  p->hole= extended_hole;
  p->contour= extended_contour;
}


void gpc_polygon_clip(gpc_op op, gpc_polygon *subj, gpc_polygon *clip,
                      gpc_polygon *result)
{
  sb_tree       *sbtree= NULL;
  it_node       *it= NULL, *intersect=0;
  edge_node     *edge=0, *prev_edge=0, *next_edge=0, *succ_edge=0, *e0=0, *e1=0;
  edge_node     *aet= NULL, *c_heap= NULL, *s_heap= NULL;
  lmt_node      *lmt= NULL, *local_min=0;
  polygon_node  *out_poly= NULL, *p=0, *q=0, *poly=0, *npoly=0, *cf= NULL;
  vertex_node   *vtx=0, *nv=0;
  h_state        horiz[2];
  int            in[2], exists[2], parity[2]= {LEFT, LEFT};
  int            c, v, contributing=0, search, scanbeam= 0, sbt_entries= 0;
  int            vclass=0, bl=0, br=0, tl=0, tr=0;
  double        *sbt= NULL, xb, px, yb, yt=0.0, dy=0.0, ix, iy;

  /* Test for trivial NULL result cases */
  if (((subj->num_contours == 0) && (clip->num_contours == 0))
   || ((subj->num_contours == 0) && ((op == GPC_INT) || (op == GPC_DIFF)))
   || ((clip->num_contours == 0) &&  (op == GPC_INT)))
  {
    result->num_contours= 0;
    result->hole= NULL;
    result->contour= NULL;
    return;
  }

  /* Identify potentialy contributing contours */
  if (((op == GPC_INT) || (op == GPC_DIFF))
   && (subj->num_contours > 0) && (clip->num_contours > 0))
    minimax_test(subj, clip, op);

  /* Build LMT */
  if (subj->num_contours > 0)
    s_heap= build_lmt(&lmt, &sbtree, &sbt_entries, subj, SUBJ, op);
  if (clip->num_contours > 0)
    c_heap= build_lmt(&lmt, &sbtree, &sbt_entries, clip, CLIP, op);

  /* Return a NULL result if no contours contribute */
  if (lmt == NULL)
  {
    result->num_contours= 0;
    result->hole= NULL;
    result->contour= NULL;
    reset_lmt(&lmt);
    FREE(s_heap);
    FREE(c_heap);
    return;
  }

  /* Build scanbeam table from scanbeam tree */
  MALLOC(sbt, sbt_entries * sizeof(double), "sbt creation", double);
  build_sbt(&scanbeam, sbt, sbtree);
  scanbeam= 0;
  free_sbtree(&sbtree);

  /* Allow pointer re-use without causing memory leak */
  if (subj == result)
    gpc_free_polygon(subj);
  if (clip == result)
    gpc_free_polygon(clip);

  /* Invert clip polygon for difference operation */
  if (op == GPC_DIFF)
    parity[CLIP]= RIGHT;

  local_min= lmt;

  /* Process each scanbeam */
  while (scanbeam < sbt_entries)
  {
    /* Set yb and yt to the bottom and top of the scanbeam */
    yb= sbt[scanbeam++];
    if (scanbeam < sbt_entries)
    {
      yt= sbt[scanbeam];
      dy= yt - yb;
    }

    /* === SCANBEAM BOUNDARY PROCESSING ================================ */

    /* If LMT node corresponding to yb exists */
    if (local_min)
    {
      if (local_min->y == yb)
      {
        /* Add edges starting at this local minimum to the AET */
        for (edge= local_min->first_bound; edge; edge= edge->next_bound)
          add_edge_to_aet(&aet, edge, NULL);

        local_min= local_min->next;
      }
    }

    /* Set dummy previous x value */
    px= -DBL_MAX;

    /* Create bundles within AET */
    e0= aet;
    e1= aet;

    /* Set up bundle fields of first edge */
    aet->bundle[ABOVE][ aet->type]= (aet->top.y != yb);
    aet->bundle[ABOVE][!aet->type]= FALSE;
    aet->bstate[ABOVE]= UNBUNDLED;

    for (next_edge= aet->next; next_edge; next_edge= next_edge->next)
    {
      /* Set up bundle fields of next edge */
      next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][ next_edge->type]= (next_edge->top.y != yb);
      next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][!next_edge->type]= FALSE;
      next_edge->bstate[ABOVE]= UNBUNDLED;

      /* Bundle edges above the scanbeam boundary if they coincide */
      if (next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][next_edge->type])
      {
        if (EQ(e0->xb, next_edge->xb) && EQ(e0->dx, next_edge->dx)
         && (e0->top.y != yb))
        {
          next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][ next_edge->type]^=
            e0->bundle[ABOVE][ next_edge->type];
          next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][!next_edge->type]=
            e0->bundle[ABOVE][!next_edge->type];
          next_edge->bstate[ABOVE]= BUNDLE_HEAD;
          e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP]= FALSE;
          e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]= FALSE;
          e0->bstate[ABOVE]= BUNDLE_TAIL;
        }
        e0= next_edge;
      }
    }

    horiz[CLIP]= NH;
    horiz[SUBJ]= NH;

    /* Process each edge at this scanbeam boundary */
    for (edge= aet; edge; edge= edge->next)
    {
      exists[CLIP]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] +
                   (edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP] << 1);
      exists[SUBJ]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] +
                   (edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ] << 1);

      if (exists[CLIP] || exists[SUBJ])
      {
        /* Set bundle side */
        edge->bside[CLIP]= parity[CLIP];
        edge->bside[SUBJ]= parity[SUBJ];

        /* Determine contributing status and quadrant occupancies */
        switch (op)
        {
        case GPC_DIFF:
        case GPC_INT:
          contributing= (exists[CLIP] && (parity[SUBJ] || horiz[SUBJ]))
                     || (exists[SUBJ] && (parity[CLIP] || horiz[CLIP]))
                     || (exists[CLIP] && exists[SUBJ]
                     && (parity[CLIP] == parity[SUBJ]));
          br= (parity[CLIP])
           && (parity[SUBJ]);
          bl= (parity[CLIP] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
           && (parity[SUBJ] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
          tr= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH))
           && (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH));
          tl= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP])
           && (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]);
          break;
        case GPC_XOR:
          contributing= exists[CLIP] || exists[SUBJ];
          br= (parity[CLIP])
            ^ (parity[SUBJ]);
          bl= (parity[CLIP] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
            ^ (parity[SUBJ] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
          tr= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH))
            ^ (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH));
          tl= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP])
            ^ (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]);
          break;
        case GPC_UNION:
          contributing= (exists[CLIP] && (!parity[SUBJ] || horiz[SUBJ]))
                     || (exists[SUBJ] && (!parity[CLIP] || horiz[CLIP]))
                     || (exists[CLIP] && exists[SUBJ]
                     && (parity[CLIP] == parity[SUBJ]));
          br= (parity[CLIP])
           || (parity[SUBJ]);
          bl= (parity[CLIP] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
           || (parity[SUBJ] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
          tr= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH))
           || (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH));
          tl= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP])
           || (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]);
          break;
        }

        /* Update parity */
        parity[CLIP]^= edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP];
        parity[SUBJ]^= edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ];

        /* Update horizontal state */
        if (exists[CLIP])
          horiz[CLIP]=
            next_h_state[horiz[CLIP]]
                        [((exists[CLIP] - 1) << 1) + parity[CLIP]];
        if (exists[SUBJ])
          horiz[SUBJ]=
            next_h_state[horiz[SUBJ]]
                        [((exists[SUBJ] - 1) << 1) + parity[SUBJ]];

        vclass= tr + (tl << 1) + (br << 2) + (bl << 3);

        if (contributing)
        {
          xb= edge->xb;

          switch (vclass)
          {
          case EMN:
          case IMN:
            add_local_min(&out_poly, edge, xb, yb);
            px= xb;
            cf= edge->outp[ABOVE];
            break;
          case ERI:
            if (xb != px)
            {
              add_right(cf, xb, yb);
              px= xb;
            }
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= cf;
            cf= NULL;
            break;
          case ELI:
            add_left(edge->outp[BELOW], xb, yb);
            px= xb;
            cf= edge->outp[BELOW];
            break;
          case EMX:
            if (xb != px)
            {
              add_left(cf, xb, yb);
              px= xb;
            }
            merge_right(cf, edge->outp[BELOW], out_poly);
            cf= NULL;
            break;
          case ILI:
            if (xb != px)
            {
              add_left(cf, xb, yb);
              px= xb;
            }
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= cf;
            cf= NULL;
            break;
          case IRI:
            add_right(edge->outp[BELOW], xb, yb);
            px= xb;
            cf= edge->outp[BELOW];
            edge->outp[BELOW]= NULL;
            break;
          case IMX:
            if (xb != px)
            {
              add_right(cf, xb, yb);
              px= xb;
            }
            merge_left(cf, edge->outp[BELOW], out_poly);
            cf= NULL;
            edge->outp[BELOW]= NULL;
            break;
          case IMM:
            if (xb != px)
            {
              add_right(cf, xb, yb);
              px= xb;
            }
            merge_left(cf, edge->outp[BELOW], out_poly);
            edge->outp[BELOW]= NULL;
            add_local_min(&out_poly, edge, xb, yb);
            cf= edge->outp[ABOVE];
            break;
          case EMM:
            if (xb != px)
            {
              add_left(cf, xb, yb);
              px= xb;
            }
            merge_right(cf, edge->outp[BELOW], out_poly);
            edge->outp[BELOW]= NULL;
            add_local_min(&out_poly, edge, xb, yb);
            cf= edge->outp[ABOVE];
            break;
          case LED:
            if (edge->bot.y == yb)
              add_left(edge->outp[BELOW], xb, yb);
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= edge->outp[BELOW];
            px= xb;
            break;
          case RED:
            if (edge->bot.y == yb)
              add_right(edge->outp[BELOW], xb, yb);
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= edge->outp[BELOW];
            px= xb;
            break;
          default:
            break;
          } /* End of switch */
        } /* End of contributing conditional */
      } /* End of edge exists conditional */
    } /* End of AET loop */

    /* Delete terminating edges from the AET, otherwise compute xt */
    for (edge= aet; edge; edge= edge->next)
    {
      if (edge->top.y == yb)
      {
        prev_edge= edge->prev;
        next_edge= edge->next;
        if (prev_edge)
          prev_edge->next= next_edge;
        else
          aet= next_edge;
        if (next_edge)
          next_edge->prev= prev_edge;

        /* Copy bundle head state to the adjacent tail edge if required */
        if ((edge->bstate[BELOW] == BUNDLE_HEAD) && prev_edge)
        {
          if (prev_edge->bstate[BELOW] == BUNDLE_TAIL)
          {
            prev_edge->outp[BELOW]= edge->outp[BELOW];
            prev_edge->bstate[BELOW]= UNBUNDLED;
            if (prev_edge->prev)
              if (prev_edge->prev->bstate[BELOW] == BUNDLE_TAIL)
                prev_edge->bstate[BELOW]= BUNDLE_HEAD;
          }
        }
      }
      else
      {
        if (edge->top.y == yt)
          edge->xt= edge->top.x;
        else
          edge->xt= edge->bot.x + edge->dx * (yt - edge->bot.y);
      }
    }

    if (scanbeam < sbt_entries)
    {
      /* === SCANBEAM INTERIOR PROCESSING ============================== */

      build_intersection_table(&it, aet, dy);

      /* Process each node in the intersection table */
      for (intersect= it; intersect; intersect= intersect->next)
      {
        e0= intersect->ie[0];
        e1= intersect->ie[1];

        /* Only generate output for contributing intersections */
        if ((e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] || e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ])
         && (e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] || e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]))
        {
          p= e0->outp[ABOVE];
          q= e1->outp[ABOVE];
          ix= intersect->point.x;
          iy= intersect->point.y + yb;

          in[CLIP]= ( e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] && !e0->bside[CLIP])
                 || ( e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] &&  e1->bside[CLIP])
                 || (!e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] && !e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP]
                     && e0->bside[CLIP] && e1->bside[CLIP]);
          in[SUBJ]= ( e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] && !e0->bside[SUBJ])
                 || ( e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] &&  e1->bside[SUBJ])
                 || (!e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] && !e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]
                     && e0->bside[SUBJ] && e1->bside[SUBJ]);

          /* Determine quadrant occupancies */
          switch (op)
          {
          case GPC_DIFF:
          case GPC_INT:
            tr= (in[CLIP])
             && (in[SUBJ]);
            tl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             && (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            br= (in[CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             && (in[SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            bl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             && (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            break;
          case GPC_XOR:
            tr= (in[CLIP])
              ^ (in[SUBJ]);
            tl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
              ^ (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            br= (in[CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
              ^ (in[SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            bl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
              ^ (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            break;
          case GPC_UNION:
            tr= (in[CLIP])
             || (in[SUBJ]);
            tl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             || (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            br= (in[CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             || (in[SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            bl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             || (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            break;
          }

          vclass= tr + (tl << 1) + (br << 2) + (bl << 3);

          switch (vclass)
          {
          case EMN:
            add_local_min(&out_poly, e0, ix, iy);
            e1->outp[ABOVE]= e0->outp[ABOVE];
            break;
          case ERI:
            if (p)
            {
              add_right(p, ix, iy);
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= p;
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case ELI:
            if (q)
            {
              add_left(q, ix, iy);
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= q;
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case EMX:
            if (p && q)
            {
              add_left(p, ix, iy);
              merge_right(p, q, out_poly);
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case IMN:
            add_local_min(&out_poly, e0, ix, iy);
            e1->outp[ABOVE]= e0->outp[ABOVE];
            break;
          case ILI:
            if (p)
            {
              add_left(p, ix, iy);
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= p;
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case IRI:
            if (q)
            {
              add_right(q, ix, iy);
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= q;
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case IMX:
            if (p && q)
            {
              add_right(p, ix, iy);
              merge_left(p, q, out_poly);
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case IMM:
            if (p && q)
            {
              add_right(p, ix, iy);
              merge_left(p, q, out_poly);
              add_local_min(&out_poly, e0, ix, iy);
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= e0->outp[ABOVE];
            }
            break;
          case EMM:
            if (p && q)
            {
              add_left(p, ix, iy);
              merge_right(p, q, out_poly);
              add_local_min(&out_poly, e0, ix, iy);
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= e0->outp[ABOVE];
            }
            break;
          default:
            break;
          } /* End of switch */
        } /* End of contributing intersection conditional */

        /* Swap bundle sides in response to edge crossing */
        if (e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
          e1->bside[CLIP]= !e1->bside[CLIP];
        if (e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
          e0->bside[CLIP]= !e0->bside[CLIP];
        if (e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ])
          e1->bside[SUBJ]= !e1->bside[SUBJ];
        if (e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ])
          e0->bside[SUBJ]= !e0->bside[SUBJ];

        /* Swap e0 and e1 bundles in the AET */
        prev_edge= e0->prev;
        next_edge= e1->next;
        if (next_edge)
          next_edge->prev= e0;

        if (e0->bstate[ABOVE] == BUNDLE_HEAD)
        {
          search= TRUE;
          while (search)
          {
            prev_edge= prev_edge->prev;
            if (prev_edge)
            {
              if (prev_edge->bstate[ABOVE] != BUNDLE_TAIL)
                search= FALSE;
            }
            else
              search= FALSE;
          }
        }
        if (!prev_edge)
        {
          aet->prev= e1;
          e1->next= aet;
          aet= e0->next;
        }
        else
        {
          prev_edge->next->prev= e1;
          e1->next= prev_edge->next;
          prev_edge->next= e0->next;
        }
                  if(e0->next == NULL) throw runtime_error("GPC internal error.") ;
                  if(e1->next == NULL) throw runtime_error("GPC internal error.") ;
        e0->next->prev= prev_edge;
        e1->next->prev= e1;
        e0->next= next_edge;
      } /* End of IT loop*/

      /* Prepare for next scanbeam */
      for (edge= aet; edge; edge= next_edge)
      {
        next_edge= edge->next;
        succ_edge= edge->succ;

        if ((edge->top.y == yt) && succ_edge)
        {
          /* Replace AET edge by its successor */
          succ_edge->outp[BELOW]= edge->outp[ABOVE];
          succ_edge->bstate[BELOW]= edge->bstate[ABOVE];
          succ_edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP];
          succ_edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ];
          prev_edge= edge->prev;
          if (prev_edge)
            prev_edge->next= succ_edge;
          else
            aet= succ_edge;
          if (next_edge)
            next_edge->prev= succ_edge;
          succ_edge->prev= prev_edge;
          succ_edge->next= next_edge;
        }
        else
        {
          /* Update this edge */
          edge->outp[BELOW]= edge->outp[ABOVE];
          edge->bstate[BELOW]= edge->bstate[ABOVE];
          edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP];
          edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ];
          edge->xb= edge->xt;
              }
        edge->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
      }
    }
  } /* === END OF SCANBEAM PROCESSING ================================== */

  /* Generate result polygon from out_poly */
  result->contour= NULL;
  result->hole= NULL;
  result->num_contours= count_contours(out_poly);
  if (result->num_contours > 0)
  {
    MALLOC(result->hole, result->num_contours
           * sizeof(int), "hole flag table creation", int);
    MALLOC(result->contour, result->num_contours
           * sizeof(gpc_vertex_list), "contour creation", gpc_vertex_list);

    c= 0;
    for (poly= out_poly; poly; poly= npoly)
    {
      npoly= poly->next;
      if (poly->active)
      {
        result->hole[c]= poly->proxy->hole;
        result->contour[c].num_vertices= poly->active;
        MALLOC(result->contour[c].vertex,
          result->contour[c].num_vertices * sizeof(gpc_vertex),
          "vertex creation", gpc_vertex);

        v= result->contour[c].num_vertices - 1;
        for (vtx= poly->proxy->v[LEFT]; vtx; vtx= nv)
        {
          nv= vtx->next;
          result->contour[c].vertex[v].x= vtx->x;
          result->contour[c].vertex[v].y= vtx->y;
          FREE(vtx);
          v--;
        }
        c++;
      }
      FREE(poly);
    }
  }
  else
  {
    for (poly= out_poly; poly; poly= npoly)
    {
      npoly= poly->next;
      FREE(poly);
    }
  }

  /* Tidy up */
  reset_it(&it);
  reset_lmt(&lmt);
  FREE(c_heap);
  FREE(s_heap);
  FREE(sbt);
}


void gpc_free_tristrip(gpc_tristrip *t)
{
  int s;

  for (s= 0; s < t->num_strips; s++)
    FREE(t->strip[s].vertex);
  FREE(t->strip);
  t->num_strips= 0;
}


void gpc_polygon_to_tristrip(gpc_polygon *s, gpc_tristrip *t)
{
  gpc_polygon c;

  c.num_contours= 0;
  c.hole= NULL;
  c.contour= NULL;
  gpc_tristrip_clip(GPC_DIFF, s, &c, t);
}


void gpc_tristrip_clip(gpc_op op, gpc_polygon *subj, gpc_polygon *clip,
                       gpc_tristrip *result)
{
  sb_tree       *sbtree= NULL;
  it_node       *it= NULL, *intersect;
  edge_node     *edge=0, *prev_edge=0, *next_edge=0, *succ_edge=0, *e0=0, *e1=0;
  edge_node     *aet= NULL, *c_heap= NULL, *s_heap= NULL, *cf=0;
  lmt_node      *lmt= NULL, *local_min;
  polygon_node  *tlist= NULL, *tn, *tnn, *p, *q;
  vertex_node   *lt, *ltn, *rt, *rtn;
  h_state        horiz[2];
  vertex_type    cft = NUL;
  int            in[2], exists[2], parity[2]= {LEFT, LEFT};
  int            s, v, contributing=0, search, scanbeam= 0, sbt_entries= 0;
  int            vclass=0, bl=0, br=0, tl=0, tr=0;
  double        *sbt= NULL, xb, px, nx, yb, yt=0.0, dy=0.0, ix, iy;

  /* Test for trivial NULL result cases */
  if (((subj->num_contours == 0) && (clip->num_contours == 0))
   || ((subj->num_contours == 0) && ((op == GPC_INT) || (op == GPC_DIFF)))
   || ((clip->num_contours == 0) &&  (op == GPC_INT)))
  {
    result->num_strips= 0;
    result->strip= NULL;
    return;
  }

  /* Identify potentialy contributing contours */
  if (((op == GPC_INT) || (op == GPC_DIFF))
   && (subj->num_contours > 0) && (clip->num_contours > 0))
    minimax_test(subj, clip, op);

  /* Build LMT */
  if (subj->num_contours > 0)
    s_heap= build_lmt(&lmt, &sbtree, &sbt_entries, subj, SUBJ, op);
  if (clip->num_contours > 0)
    c_heap= build_lmt(&lmt, &sbtree, &sbt_entries, clip, CLIP, op);

  /* Return a NULL result if no contours contribute */
  if (lmt == NULL)
  {
    result->num_strips= 0;
    result->strip= NULL;
    reset_lmt(&lmt);
    FREE(s_heap);
    FREE(c_heap);
    return;
  }

  /* Build scanbeam table from scanbeam tree */
  MALLOC(sbt, sbt_entries * sizeof(double), "sbt creation", double);
  build_sbt(&scanbeam, sbt, sbtree);
  scanbeam= 0;
  free_sbtree(&sbtree);

  /* Invert clip polygon for difference operation */
  if (op == GPC_DIFF)
    parity[CLIP]= RIGHT;

  local_min= lmt;

  /* Process each scanbeam */
  while (scanbeam < sbt_entries)
  {
    /* Set yb and yt to the bottom and top of the scanbeam */
    yb= sbt[scanbeam++];
    if (scanbeam < sbt_entries)
    {
      yt= sbt[scanbeam];
      dy= yt - yb;
    }

    /* === SCANBEAM BOUNDARY PROCESSING ================================ */

    /* If LMT node corresponding to yb exists */
    if (local_min)
    {
      if (local_min->y == yb)
      {
        /* Add edges starting at this local minimum to the AET */
        for (edge= local_min->first_bound; edge; edge= edge->next_bound)
          add_edge_to_aet(&aet, edge, NULL);

        local_min= local_min->next;
      }
    }

    /* Set dummy previous x value */
    px= -DBL_MAX;

    /* Create bundles within AET */
    e0= aet;
    e1= aet;

    /* Set up bundle fields of first edge */
    aet->bundle[ABOVE][ aet->type]= (aet->top.y != yb);
    aet->bundle[ABOVE][!aet->type]= FALSE;
    aet->bstate[ABOVE]= UNBUNDLED;

    for (next_edge= aet->next; next_edge; next_edge= next_edge->next)
    {
      /* Set up bundle fields of next edge */
      next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][ next_edge->type]= (next_edge->top.y != yb);
      next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][!next_edge->type]= FALSE;
      next_edge->bstate[ABOVE]= UNBUNDLED;

      /* Bundle edges above the scanbeam boundary if they coincide */
      if (next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][next_edge->type])
      {
        if (EQ(e0->xb, next_edge->xb) && EQ(e0->dx, next_edge->dx)
         && (e0->top.y != yb))
        {
          next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][ next_edge->type]^=
            e0->bundle[ABOVE][ next_edge->type];
          next_edge->bundle[ABOVE][!next_edge->type]=
            e0->bundle[ABOVE][!next_edge->type];
          next_edge->bstate[ABOVE]= BUNDLE_HEAD;
          e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP]= FALSE;
          e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]= FALSE;
          e0->bstate[ABOVE]= BUNDLE_TAIL;
        }
        e0= next_edge;
      }
    }

    horiz[CLIP]= NH;
    horiz[SUBJ]= NH;

    /* Process each edge at this scanbeam boundary */
    for (edge= aet; edge; edge= edge->next)
    {
      exists[CLIP]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] +
                   (edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP] << 1);
      exists[SUBJ]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] +
                   (edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ] << 1);

      if (exists[CLIP] || exists[SUBJ])
      {
        /* Set bundle side */
        edge->bside[CLIP]= parity[CLIP];
        edge->bside[SUBJ]= parity[SUBJ];

        /* Determine contributing status and quadrant occupancies */
        switch (op)
        {
        case GPC_DIFF:
        case GPC_INT:
          contributing= (exists[CLIP] && (parity[SUBJ] || horiz[SUBJ]))
                     || (exists[SUBJ] && (parity[CLIP] || horiz[CLIP]))
                     || (exists[CLIP] && exists[SUBJ]
                     && (parity[CLIP] == parity[SUBJ]));
          br= (parity[CLIP])
           && (parity[SUBJ]);
          bl= (parity[CLIP] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
           && (parity[SUBJ] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
          tr= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH))
           && (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH));
          tl= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP])
           && (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]);
          break;
        case GPC_XOR:
          contributing= exists[CLIP] || exists[SUBJ];
          br= (parity[CLIP])
            ^ (parity[SUBJ]);
          bl= (parity[CLIP] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
            ^ (parity[SUBJ] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
          tr= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH))
            ^ (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH));
          tl= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP])
            ^ (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]);
          break;
        case GPC_UNION:
          contributing= (exists[CLIP] && (!parity[SUBJ] || horiz[SUBJ]))
                     || (exists[SUBJ] && (!parity[CLIP] || horiz[CLIP]))
                     || (exists[CLIP] && exists[SUBJ]
                     && (parity[CLIP] == parity[SUBJ]));
          br= (parity[CLIP])
           || (parity[SUBJ]);
          bl= (parity[CLIP] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
           || (parity[SUBJ] ^ edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
          tr= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH))
           || (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH));
          tl= (parity[CLIP] ^ (horiz[CLIP]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP])
           || (parity[SUBJ] ^ (horiz[SUBJ]!=NH) ^ edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]);
          break;
        }

        /* Update parity */
        parity[CLIP]^= edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP];
        parity[SUBJ]^= edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ];

        /* Update horizontal state */
        if (exists[CLIP])
          horiz[CLIP]=
            next_h_state[horiz[CLIP]]
                        [((exists[CLIP] - 1) << 1) + parity[CLIP]];
        if (exists[SUBJ])
          horiz[SUBJ]=
            next_h_state[horiz[SUBJ]]
                        [((exists[SUBJ] - 1) << 1) + parity[SUBJ]];

        vclass= tr + (tl << 1) + (br << 2) + (bl << 3);

        if (contributing)
        {
          xb= edge->xb;

          switch (vclass)
          {
          case EMN:
            new_tristrip(&tlist, edge, xb, yb);
            cf= edge;
            break;
          case ERI:
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= cf->outp[ABOVE];
            if (xb != cf->xb)
              VERTEX(edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, xb, yb);
            cf= NULL;
            break;
          case ELI:
            VERTEX(edge, BELOW, LEFT, xb, yb);
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            cf= edge;
            break;
          case EMX:
            if (xb != cf->xb)
              VERTEX(edge, BELOW, RIGHT, xb, yb);
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            cf= NULL;
            break;
          case IMN:
            if (cft == LED)
            {
              if (cf->bot.y != yb)
                VERTEX(cf, BELOW, LEFT, cf->xb, yb);
              new_tristrip(&tlist, cf, cf->xb, yb);
            }
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= cf->outp[ABOVE];
            VERTEX(edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, xb, yb);
            break;
          case ILI:
            new_tristrip(&tlist, edge, xb, yb);
            cf= edge;
            cft= ILI;
            break;
          case IRI:
            if (cft == LED)
            {
              if (cf->bot.y != yb)
                VERTEX(cf, BELOW, LEFT, cf->xb, yb);
              new_tristrip(&tlist, cf, cf->xb, yb);
            }
            VERTEX(edge, BELOW, RIGHT, xb, yb);
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            break;
          case IMX:
            VERTEX(edge, BELOW, LEFT, xb, yb);
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            cft= IMX;
            break;
          case IMM:
            VERTEX(edge, BELOW, LEFT, xb, yb);
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= cf->outp[ABOVE];
            if (xb != cf->xb)
              VERTEX(cf, ABOVE, RIGHT, xb, yb);
            cf= edge;
            break;
          case EMM:
            VERTEX(edge, BELOW, RIGHT, xb, yb);
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            new_tristrip(&tlist, edge, xb, yb);
            cf= edge;
            break;
          case LED:
            if (edge->bot.y == yb)
              VERTEX(edge, BELOW, LEFT, xb, yb);
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= edge->outp[BELOW];
            cf= edge;
            cft= LED;
            break;
          case RED:
            edge->outp[ABOVE]= cf->outp[ABOVE];
            if (cft == LED)
            {
              if (cf->bot.y == yb)
              {
                VERTEX(edge, BELOW, RIGHT, xb, yb);
              }
              else
              {
                if (edge->bot.y == yb)
                {
                  VERTEX(cf, BELOW, LEFT, cf->xb, yb);
                  VERTEX(edge, BELOW, RIGHT, xb, yb);
                }
              }
            }
            else
            {
              VERTEX(edge, BELOW, RIGHT, xb, yb);
              VERTEX(edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, xb, yb);
            }
            cf= NULL;
            break;
          default:
            break;
          } /* End of switch */
        } /* End of contributing conditional */
      } /* End of edge exists conditional */
    } /* End of AET loop */

    /* Delete terminating edges from the AET, otherwise compute xt */
    for (edge= aet; edge; edge= edge->next)
    {
      if (edge->top.y == yb)
      {
        prev_edge= edge->prev;
        next_edge= edge->next;
        if (prev_edge)
          prev_edge->next= next_edge;
        else
          aet= next_edge;
        if (next_edge)
          next_edge->prev= prev_edge;

        /* Copy bundle head state to the adjacent tail edge if required */
        if ((edge->bstate[BELOW] == BUNDLE_HEAD) && prev_edge)
        {
          if (prev_edge->bstate[BELOW] == BUNDLE_TAIL)
          {
            prev_edge->outp[BELOW]= edge->outp[BELOW];
            prev_edge->bstate[BELOW]= UNBUNDLED;
            if (prev_edge->prev)
              if (prev_edge->prev->bstate[BELOW] == BUNDLE_TAIL)
                prev_edge->bstate[BELOW]= BUNDLE_HEAD;
          }
        }
      }
      else
      {
        if (edge->top.y == yt)
          edge->xt= edge->top.x;
        else
          edge->xt= edge->bot.x + edge->dx * (yt - edge->bot.y);
      }
    }

    if (scanbeam < sbt_entries)
    {
      /* === SCANBEAM INTERIOR PROCESSING ============================== */

      build_intersection_table(&it, aet, dy);

      /* Process each node in the intersection table */
      for (intersect= it; intersect; intersect= intersect->next)
      {
        e0= intersect->ie[0];
        e1= intersect->ie[1];

        /* Only generate output for contributing intersections */
        if ((e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] || e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ])
         && (e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] || e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]))
        {
          p= e0->outp[ABOVE];
          q= e1->outp[ABOVE];
          ix= intersect->point.x;
          iy= intersect->point.y + yb;

          in[CLIP]= ( e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] && !e0->bside[CLIP])
                 || ( e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] &&  e1->bside[CLIP])
                 || (!e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] && !e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP]
                     && e0->bside[CLIP] && e1->bside[CLIP]);
          in[SUBJ]= ( e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] && !e0->bside[SUBJ])
                 || ( e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] &&  e1->bside[SUBJ])
                 || (!e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] && !e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]
                     && e0->bside[SUBJ] && e1->bside[SUBJ]);

          /* Determine quadrant occupancies */
          switch (op)
          {
          case GPC_DIFF:
          case GPC_INT:
            tr= (in[CLIP])
             && (in[SUBJ]);
            tl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             && (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            br= (in[CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             && (in[SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            bl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             && (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            break;
          case GPC_XOR:
            tr= (in[CLIP])
              ^ (in[SUBJ]);
            tl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
              ^ (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            br= (in[CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
              ^ (in[SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            bl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
              ^ (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            break;
          case GPC_UNION:
            tr= (in[CLIP])
             || (in[SUBJ]);
            tl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             || (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            br= (in[CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             || (in[SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            bl= (in[CLIP] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
             || (in[SUBJ] ^ e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ] ^ e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]);
            break;
          }

          vclass= tr + (tl << 1) + (br << 2) + (bl << 3);

          switch (vclass)
          {
          case EMN:
            new_tristrip(&tlist, e1, ix, iy);
            e0->outp[ABOVE]= e1->outp[ABOVE];
            break;
          case ERI:
            if (p)
            {
              P_EDGE(prev_edge, e0, ABOVE, px, iy);
              VERTEX(prev_edge, ABOVE, LEFT, px, iy);
              VERTEX(e0, ABOVE, RIGHT, ix, iy);
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= e0->outp[ABOVE];
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case ELI:
            if (q)
            {
              N_EDGE(next_edge, e1, ABOVE, nx, iy);
              VERTEX(e1, ABOVE, LEFT, ix, iy);
              VERTEX(next_edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, nx, iy);
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= e1->outp[ABOVE];
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case EMX:
            if (p && q)
            {
              VERTEX(e0, ABOVE, LEFT, ix, iy);
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case IMN:
            P_EDGE(prev_edge, e0, ABOVE, px, iy);
            VERTEX(prev_edge, ABOVE, LEFT, px, iy);
            N_EDGE(next_edge, e1, ABOVE, nx, iy);
            VERTEX(next_edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, nx, iy);
            new_tristrip(&tlist, prev_edge, px, iy);
            e1->outp[ABOVE]= prev_edge->outp[ABOVE];
            VERTEX(e1, ABOVE, RIGHT, ix, iy);
            new_tristrip(&tlist, e0, ix, iy);
            next_edge->outp[ABOVE]= e0->outp[ABOVE];
            VERTEX(next_edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, nx, iy);
            break;
          case ILI:
            if (p)
            {
              VERTEX(e0, ABOVE, LEFT, ix, iy);
              N_EDGE(next_edge, e1, ABOVE, nx, iy);
              VERTEX(next_edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, nx, iy);
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= e0->outp[ABOVE];
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case IRI:
            if (q)
            {
              VERTEX(e1, ABOVE, RIGHT, ix, iy);
              P_EDGE(prev_edge, e0, ABOVE, px, iy);
              VERTEX(prev_edge, ABOVE, LEFT, px, iy);
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= e1->outp[ABOVE];
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
            }
            break;
          case IMX:
            if (p && q)
            {
              VERTEX(e0, ABOVE, RIGHT, ix, iy);
              VERTEX(e1, ABOVE, LEFT, ix, iy);
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
              P_EDGE(prev_edge, e0, ABOVE, px, iy);
              VERTEX(prev_edge, ABOVE, LEFT, px, iy);
              new_tristrip(&tlist, prev_edge, px, iy);
              N_EDGE(next_edge, e1, ABOVE, nx, iy);
              VERTEX(next_edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, nx, iy);
              next_edge->outp[ABOVE]= prev_edge->outp[ABOVE];
              VERTEX(next_edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, nx, iy);
            }
            break;
          case IMM:
            if (p && q)
            {
              VERTEX(e0, ABOVE, RIGHT, ix, iy);
              VERTEX(e1, ABOVE, LEFT, ix, iy);
              P_EDGE(prev_edge, e0, ABOVE, px, iy);
              VERTEX(prev_edge, ABOVE, LEFT, px, iy);
              new_tristrip(&tlist, prev_edge, px, iy);
              N_EDGE(next_edge, e1, ABOVE, nx, iy);
              VERTEX(next_edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, nx, iy);
              e1->outp[ABOVE]= prev_edge->outp[ABOVE];
              VERTEX(e1, ABOVE, RIGHT, ix, iy);
              new_tristrip(&tlist, e0, ix, iy);
              next_edge->outp[ABOVE]= e0->outp[ABOVE];
              VERTEX(next_edge, ABOVE, RIGHT, nx, iy);
            }
            break;
          case EMM:
            if (p && q)
            {
              VERTEX(e0, ABOVE, LEFT, ix, iy);
              new_tristrip(&tlist, e1, ix, iy);
              e0->outp[ABOVE]= e1->outp[ABOVE];
            }
            break;
          default:
            break;
          } /* End of switch */
        } /* End of contributing intersection conditional */

        /* Swap bundle sides in response to edge crossing */
        if (e0->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
          e1->bside[CLIP]= !e1->bside[CLIP];
        if (e1->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP])
          e0->bside[CLIP]= !e0->bside[CLIP];
        if (e0->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ])
          e1->bside[SUBJ]= !e1->bside[SUBJ];
        if (e1->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ])
          e0->bside[SUBJ]= !e0->bside[SUBJ];

        /* Swap e0 and e1 bundles in the AET */
        prev_edge= e0->prev;
        next_edge= e1->next;
        if (e1->next)
          e1->next->prev= e0;

        if (e0->bstate[ABOVE] == BUNDLE_HEAD)
        {
          search= TRUE;
          while (search)
          {
            prev_edge= prev_edge->prev;
            if (prev_edge)
            {
              if (prev_edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP]
               || prev_edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ]
               || (prev_edge->bstate[ABOVE] == BUNDLE_HEAD))
                search= FALSE;
            }
            else
              search= FALSE;
          }
        }
        if (!prev_edge)
        {
           e1->next= aet;
           aet= e0->next;
        }
        else
        {
          e1->next= prev_edge->next;
          prev_edge->next= e0->next;
        }
        e0->next->prev= prev_edge;
        e1->next->prev= e1;
        e0->next= next_edge;
      } /* End of IT loop*/

      /* Prepare for next scanbeam */
      for (edge= aet; edge; edge= next_edge)
      {
        next_edge= edge->next;
        succ_edge= edge->succ;

        if ((edge->top.y == yt) && succ_edge)
        {
          /* Replace AET edge by its successor */
          succ_edge->outp[BELOW]= edge->outp[ABOVE];
          succ_edge->bstate[BELOW]= edge->bstate[ABOVE];
          succ_edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP];
          succ_edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ];
          prev_edge= edge->prev;
          if (prev_edge)
            prev_edge->next= succ_edge;
          else
            aet= succ_edge;
          if (next_edge)
            next_edge->prev= succ_edge;
          succ_edge->prev= prev_edge;
          succ_edge->next= next_edge;
        }
        else
        {
          /* Update this edge */
          edge->outp[BELOW]= edge->outp[ABOVE];
          edge->bstate[BELOW]= edge->bstate[ABOVE];
          edge->bundle[BELOW][CLIP]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][CLIP];
          edge->bundle[BELOW][SUBJ]= edge->bundle[ABOVE][SUBJ];
          edge->xb= edge->xt;
        }
        edge->outp[ABOVE]= NULL;
      }
    }
  } /* === END OF SCANBEAM PROCESSING ================================== */

  /* Generate result tristrip from tlist */
  result->strip= NULL;
  result->num_strips= count_tristrips(tlist);
  if (result->num_strips > 0)
  {
    MALLOC(result->strip, result->num_strips * sizeof(gpc_vertex_list),
           "tristrip list creation", gpc_vertex_list);

    s= 0;
    for (tn= tlist; tn; tn= tnn)
    {
      tnn= tn->next;

      if (tn->active > 2)
      {
        /* Valid tristrip: copy the vertices and free the heap */
        result->strip[s].num_vertices= tn->active;
        MALLOC(result->strip[s].vertex, tn->active * sizeof(gpc_vertex),
               "tristrip creation", gpc_vertex);
        v= 0;
        if (INVERT_TRISTRIPS)
        {
          lt= tn->v[RIGHT];
          rt= tn->v[LEFT];
        }
        else
        {
          lt= tn->v[LEFT];
          rt= tn->v[RIGHT];
        }
        while (lt || rt)
        {
          if (lt)
          {
            ltn= lt->next;
            result->strip[s].vertex[v].x= lt->x;
            result->strip[s].vertex[v].y= lt->y;
            v++;
            FREE(lt);
            lt= ltn;
          }
          if (rt)
          {
            rtn= rt->next;
            result->strip[s].vertex[v].x= rt->x;
            result->strip[s].vertex[v].y= rt->y;
            v++;
            FREE(rt);
            rt= rtn;
          }
        }
        s++;
      }
      else
      {
        /* Invalid tristrip: just free the heap */
        for (lt= tn->v[LEFT]; lt; lt= ltn)
        {
          ltn= lt->next;
          FREE(lt);
        }
        for (rt= tn->v[RIGHT]; rt; rt=rtn)
        {
          rtn= rt->next;
          FREE(rt);
        }
      }
      FREE(tn);
    }
  }

  /* Tidy up */
  reset_it(&it);
  reset_lmt(&lmt);
  FREE(c_heap);
  FREE(s_heap);
  FREE(sbt);
}

/*
===========================================================================
                           End of file: gpc.c
===========================================================================
*/