server.py

Go to the documentation of this file.

"""
High level interface to pure python OPC-UA server
"""

import logging
from datetime import timedelta
try:
    from urllib.parse import urlparse
except ImportError:
    from urlparse import urlparse


from opcua import ua
# from opcua.binary_server import BinaryServer
from opcua.server.binary_server_asyncio import BinaryServer
from opcua.server.internal_server import InternalServer
from opcua.server.event_generator import EventGenerator
from opcua.common.node import Node
from opcua.common.subscription import Subscription
from opcua.common import xmlimporter
from opcua.common.manage_nodes import delete_nodes
from opcua.client.client import Client
from opcua.crypto import security_policies
from opcua.common.event_objects import BaseEvent
from opcua.common.shortcuts import Shortcuts
from opcua.common.xmlexporter import XmlExporter
from opcua.common.ua_utils import get_nodes_of_namespace
use_crypto = True
try:
    from opcua.crypto import uacrypto
except ImportError:
    print("cryptography is not installed, use of crypto disabled")
    use_crypto = False


class Server(object):

    """
    High level Server class

    This class creates an opcua server with default values

    Create your own namespace and then populate your server address space
    using use the get_root() or get_objects() to get Node objects.
    and get_event_object() to fire events.
    Then start server. See example_server.py
    All methods are threadsafe

    If you need more flexibility you call directly the Ua Service methods
    on the iserver  or iserver.isesssion object members.

    During startup the standard address space will be constructed, which may be
    time-consuming when running a server on a less powerful device (e.g. a
    Raspberry Pi). In order to improve startup performance, a optional path to a
    cache file can be passed to the server constructor.
    If the parameter is defined, the address space will be loaded from the
    cache file or the file will be created if it does not exist yet.
    As a result the first startup will be even slower due to the cache file
    generation but all further start ups will be significantly faster.

    :ivar application_uri:
    :vartype application_uri: uri
    :ivar product_uri:
    :vartype product_uri: uri
    :ivar name:
    :vartype name: string
    :ivar default_timeout: timeout in milliseconds for sessions and secure channel
    :vartype default_timeout: int
    :ivar iserver: internal server object
    :vartype default_timeout: InternalServer
    :ivar bserver: binary protocol server
    :vartype bserver: BinaryServer
    :ivar nodes: shortcuts to common nodes
    :vartype nodes: Shortcuts

    """

    def __init__(self, shelffile=None, iserver=None):
        self.logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
        self.endpoint = urlparse("opc.tcp://0.0.0.0:4840/freeopcua/server/")
        self.application_uri = "urn:freeopcua:python:server"
        self.product_uri = "urn:freeopcua.github.no:python:server"
        self.name = "FreeOpcUa Python Server"
        self.application_type = ua.ApplicationType.ClientAndServer
        self.default_timeout = 3600000
        if iserver is not None:
            self.iserver = iserver
        else:
            self.iserver = InternalServer(shelffile)
        self.bserver = None
        self._discovery_clients = {}
        self._discovery_period = 60
        self.certificate = None
        self.private_key = None
        self._policies = []
        self.nodes = Shortcuts(self.iserver.isession)

        # setup some expected values
        self.register_namespace(self.application_uri)
        sa_node = self.get_node(ua.NodeId(ua.ObjectIds.Server_ServerArray))
        sa_node.set_value([self.application_uri])

    def __enter__(self):
        self.start()
        return self

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
        self.stop()

    def load_certificate(self, path):
        """
        load server certificate from file, either pem or der
        """
        self.certificate = uacrypto.load_certificate(path)

    def load_private_key(self, path):
        self.private_key = uacrypto.load_private_key(path)

    def disable_clock(self, val=True):
        """
        for debugging you may want to disable clock that write every second
        to address space
        """
        self.iserver.disabled_clock = val

    def set_application_uri(self, uri):
        """
        Set application/server URI.
        This uri is supposed to be unique. If you intent to register
        your server to a discovery server, it really should be unique in
        your system!
        default is : "urn:freeopcua:python:server"
        """
        self.application_uri = uri

    def find_servers(self, uris=None):
        """
        find_servers. mainly implemented for symmetry with client
        """
        if uris is None:
            uris = []
        params = ua.FindServersParameters()
        params.EndpointUrl = self.endpoint.geturl()
        params.ServerUris = uris
        return self.iserver.find_servers(params)

    def register_to_discovery(self, url="opc.tcp://localhost:4840", period=60):
        """
        Register to an OPC-UA Discovery server. Registering must be renewed at
        least every 10 minutes, so this method will use our asyncio thread to
        re-register every period seconds
        if period is 0 registration is not automatically renewed
        """
        # FIXME: have a period per discovery
        if url in self._discovery_clients:
            self._discovery_clients[url].disconnect()
        self._discovery_clients[url] = Client(url)
        self._discovery_clients[url].connect()
        self._discovery_clients[url].register_server(self)
        self._discovery_period = period
        if period:
            self.iserver.loop.call_soon(self._renew_registration)

    def unregister_to_discovery(self, url="opc.tcp://localhost:4840"):
        """
        stop registration thread
        """
        # FIXME: is there really no way to deregister?
        self._discovery_clients[url].disconnect()

    def _renew_registration(self):
        for client in self._discovery_clients.values():
            client.register_server(self)
            self.iserver.loop.call_later(self._discovery_period, self._renew_registration)

    def get_client_to_discovery(self, url="opc.tcp://localhost:4840"):
        """
        Create a client to discovery server and return it
        """
        client = Client(url)
        client.connect()
        return client

    def allow_remote_admin(self, allow):
        """
        Enable or disable the builtin Admin user from network clients
        """
        self.iserver.allow_remote_admin = allow

    def set_endpoint(self, url):
        self.endpoint = urlparse(url)

    def get_endpoints(self):
        return self.iserver.get_endpoints()

    def _setup_server_nodes(self):
        # to be called just before starting server since it needs all parameters to be setup
        self._set_endpoints()
        self._policies = [ua.SecurityPolicyFactory()]
        if self.certificate and self.private_key:
            self._set_endpoints(security_policies.SecurityPolicyBasic128Rsa15,
                                ua.MessageSecurityMode.SignAndEncrypt)
            self._policies.append(ua.SecurityPolicyFactory(security_policies.SecurityPolicyBasic128Rsa15,
                                                           ua.MessageSecurityMode.SignAndEncrypt,
                                                           self.certificate,
                                                           self.private_key)
                                 )
            self._set_endpoints(security_policies.SecurityPolicyBasic128Rsa15,
                                ua.MessageSecurityMode.Sign)
            self._policies.append(ua.SecurityPolicyFactory(security_policies.SecurityPolicyBasic128Rsa15,
                                                           ua.MessageSecurityMode.Sign,
                                                           self.certificate,
                                                           self.private_key)
                                 )
            self._set_endpoints(security_policies.SecurityPolicyBasic256,
                                ua.MessageSecurityMode.SignAndEncrypt)
            self._policies.append(ua.SecurityPolicyFactory(security_policies.SecurityPolicyBasic256,
                                                           ua.MessageSecurityMode.SignAndEncrypt,
                                                           self.certificate,
                                                           self.private_key)
                                 )
            self._set_endpoints(security_policies.SecurityPolicyBasic256,
                                ua.MessageSecurityMode.Sign)
            self._policies.append(ua.SecurityPolicyFactory(security_policies.SecurityPolicyBasic256,
                                                           ua.MessageSecurityMode.Sign,
                                                           self.certificate,
                                                           self.private_key)
                                 )

    def _set_endpoints(self, policy=ua.SecurityPolicy, mode=ua.MessageSecurityMode.None_):
        idtoken = ua.UserTokenPolicy()
        idtoken.PolicyId = 'anonymous'
        idtoken.TokenType = ua.UserTokenType.Anonymous

        idtoken2 = ua.UserTokenPolicy()
        idtoken2.PolicyId = 'certificate_basic256'
        idtoken2.TokenType = ua.UserTokenType.Certificate

        idtoken3 = ua.UserTokenPolicy()
        idtoken3.PolicyId = 'certificate_basic128'
        idtoken3.TokenType = ua.UserTokenType.Certificate

        idtoken4 = ua.UserTokenPolicy()
        idtoken4.PolicyId = 'username'
        idtoken4.TokenType = ua.UserTokenType.UserName

        appdesc = ua.ApplicationDescription()
        appdesc.ApplicationName = ua.LocalizedText(self.name)
        appdesc.ApplicationUri = self.application_uri
        appdesc.ApplicationType = self.application_type
        appdesc.ProductUri = self.product_uri
        appdesc.DiscoveryUrls.append(self.endpoint.geturl())

        edp = ua.EndpointDescription()
        edp.EndpointUrl = self.endpoint.geturl()
        edp.Server = appdesc
        if self.certificate:
            edp.ServerCertificate = uacrypto.der_from_x509(self.certificate)
        edp.SecurityMode = mode
        edp.SecurityPolicyUri = policy.URI
        edp.UserIdentityTokens = [idtoken, idtoken2, idtoken3, idtoken4]
        edp.TransportProfileUri = 'http://opcfoundation.org/UA-Profile/Transport/uatcp-uasc-uabinary'
        edp.SecurityLevel = 0
        self.iserver.add_endpoint(edp)

    def set_server_name(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def start(self):
        """
        Start to listen on network
        """
        self._setup_server_nodes()
        self.iserver.start()
        self.bserver = BinaryServer(self.iserver, self.endpoint.hostname, self.endpoint.port)
        self.bserver.set_policies(self._policies)
        self.bserver.start()

    def stop(self):
        """
        Stop server
        """
        for client in self._discovery_clients.values():
            client.disconnect()
        self.bserver.stop()
        self.iserver.stop()

    def get_root_node(self):
        """
        Get Root node of server. Returns a Node object.
        """
        return self.get_node(ua.TwoByteNodeId(ua.ObjectIds.RootFolder))

    def get_objects_node(self):
        """
        Get Objects node of server. Returns a Node object.
        """
        return self.get_node(ua.TwoByteNodeId(ua.ObjectIds.ObjectsFolder))

    def get_server_node(self):
        """
        Get Server node of server. Returns a Node object.
        """
        return self.get_node(ua.TwoByteNodeId(ua.ObjectIds.Server))

    def get_node(self, nodeid):
        """
        Get a specific node using NodeId object or a string representing a NodeId
        """
        return Node(self.iserver.isession, nodeid)

    def create_subscription(self, period, handler):
        """
        Create a subscription.
        returns a Subscription object which allow
        to subscribe to events or data on server
        """
        params = ua.CreateSubscriptionParameters()
        params.RequestedPublishingInterval = period
        params.RequestedLifetimeCount = 3000
        params.RequestedMaxKeepAliveCount = 10000
        params.MaxNotificationsPerPublish = 0
        params.PublishingEnabled = True
        params.Priority = 0
        return Subscription(self.iserver.isession, params, handler)

    def get_namespace_array(self):
        """
        get all namespace defined in server
        """
        ns_node = self.get_node(ua.NodeId(ua.ObjectIds.Server_NamespaceArray))
        return ns_node.get_value()

    def register_namespace(self, uri):
        """
        Register a new namespace. Nodes should in custom namespace, not 0.
        """
        ns_node = self.get_node(ua.NodeId(ua.ObjectIds.Server_NamespaceArray))
        uries = ns_node.get_value()
        if uri in uries:
            return uries.index(uri)
        uries.append(uri)
        ns_node.set_value(uries)
        return len(uries) - 1

    def get_namespace_index(self, uri):
        """
        get index of a namespace using its uri
        """
        uries = self.get_namespace_array()
        return uries.index(uri)

    def get_event_generator(self, etype=None, source=ua.ObjectIds.Server):
        """
        Returns an event object using an event type from address space.
        Use this object to fire events
        """
        if not etype:
            etype = BaseEvent()
        return EventGenerator(self.iserver.isession, etype, source)

    def create_custom_data_type(self, idx, name, basetype=ua.ObjectIds.BaseDataType, properties=None):
        if properties is None:
            properties = []
        return self._create_custom_type(idx, name, basetype, properties, [], [])

    def create_custom_event_type(self, idx, name, basetype=ua.ObjectIds.BaseEventType, properties=None):
        if properties is None:
            properties = []
        return self._create_custom_type(idx, name, basetype, properties, [], [])

    def create_custom_object_type(self, idx, name, basetype=ua.ObjectIds.BaseObjectType, properties=None, variables=None, methods=None):
        if properties is None:
            properties = []
        if variables is None:
            variables = []
        if methods is None:
            methods = []
        return self._create_custom_type(idx, name, basetype, properties, variables, methods)

    # def create_custom_reference_type(self, idx, name, basetype=ua.ObjectIds.BaseReferenceType, properties=[]):
        # return self._create_custom_type(idx, name, basetype, properties)

    def create_custom_variable_type(self, idx, name, basetype=ua.ObjectIds.BaseVariableType, properties=None, variables=None, methods=None):
        if properties is None:
            properties = []
        if variables is None:
            variables = []
        if methods is None:
            methods = []
        return self._create_custom_type(idx, name, basetype, properties, variables, methods)

    def _create_custom_type(self, idx, name, basetype, properties, variables, methods):
        if isinstance(basetype, Node):
            base_t = basetype
        elif isinstance(basetype, ua.NodeId):
            base_t = Node(self.iserver.isession, basetype)
        else:
            base_t = Node(self.iserver.isession, ua.NodeId(basetype))

        custom_t = base_t.add_object_type(idx, name)
        for prop in properties:
            datatype = None
            if len(prop) > 2:
                datatype = prop[2]
            custom_t.add_property(idx, prop[0], ua.get_default_value(prop[1]), varianttype=prop[1], datatype=datatype)
        for variable in variables:
            datatype = None
            if len(variable) > 2:
                datatype = variable[2]
            custom_t.add_variable(idx, variable[0], ua.get_default_value(variable[1]), varianttype=variable[1], datatype=datatype)
        for method in methods:
            custom_t.add_method(idx, method[0], method[1], method[2], method[3])

        return custom_t

    def import_xml(self, path):
        """
        Import nodes defined in xml
        """
        importer = xmlimporter.XmlImporter(self)
        return importer.import_xml(path)

    def export_xml(self, nodes, path):
        """
        Export defined nodes to xml
        """
        exp = XmlExporter(self)
        exp.build_etree(nodes)
        return exp.write_xml(path)

    def export_xml_by_ns(self, path, namespaces=None):
        """
        Export nodes of one or more namespaces to an XML file.  
        Namespaces used by nodes are always exported for consistency.
        Args:
            server: opc ua server to use
            path: name of the xml file to write
            namespaces: list of string uris or int indexes of the namespace to export, if not provide all ns are used except 0
    
        Returns:
        """
        if namespaces is None:
            namespaces = []
        nodes = get_nodes_of_namespace(self, namespaces)
        self.export_xml(nodes, path)

    def delete_nodes(self, nodes, recursive=False):
        return delete_nodes(self.iserver.isession, nodes, recursive)

    def historize_node_data_change(self, node, period=timedelta(days=7), count=0):
        """
        Start historizing supplied nodes; see history module
        Args:
            node: node or list of nodes that can be historized (variables/properties)
            period: time delta to store the history; older data will be deleted from the storage
            count: number of changes to store in the history

        Returns:
        """
        nodes = [node]
        for node in nodes:
            self.iserver.enable_history_data_change(node, period, count)

    def dehistorize_node_data_change(self, node):
        """
        Stop historizing supplied nodes; see history module
        Args:
            node: node or list of nodes that can be historized (UA variables/properties)

        Returns:
        """
        nodes = [node]
        for node in nodes:
            self.iserver.disable_history_data_change(node)

    def historize_node_event(self, node, period=timedelta(days=7), count=0):
        """
        Start historizing events from node (typically a UA object); see history module
        Args:
            node: node or list of nodes that can be historized (UA objects)
            period: time delta to store the history; older data will be deleted from the storage
            count: number of events to store in the history

        Returns:
        """
        nodes = [node]
        for node in nodes:
            self.iserver.enable_history_event(node, period, count)

    def dehistorize_node_event(self, node):
        """
        Stop historizing events from node (typically a UA object); see history module
        Args:
           node: node or list of nodes that can be historized (UA objects)

        Returns:
        """
        nodes = [node]
        for node in nodes:
            self.iserver.disable_history_event(node)

    def subscribe_server_callback(self, event, handle):
        self.iserver.subscribe_server_callback(event, handle)

    def unsubscribe_server_callback(self, event, handle):
        self.iserver.unsubscribe_server_callback(event, handle)

    def link_method(self, node, callback):
        """
        Link a python function to a UA method in the address space; required when a UA method has been imported
        to the address space via XML; the python executable must be linked manually
        Args:
            node: UA method node
            callback: python function that the UA method will call

        Returns:
        """
        self.iserver.isession.add_method_callback(node.nodeid, callback)